The Masterpiece Emile Zola

References

  1. ^ "Zola". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  2. ^ "Zola, Émile". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
  3. ^ "Zola". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Zola". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  5. ^ "Emile Zola Biography (Writer)". infoplease. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
  6. ^ Mitterand, Henri (2002). Zola et le naturalisme. Paris, France: Presses universitaires de France. p. 23. ISBN 978-2130525103.
  7. ^ "Nomination Database – Literature – 1901". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  8. ^ "Nomination Database – Literature – 1902". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  9. ^ a b c d e Marzials, Frank Thomas (1911). "Zola, Émile Édouard Charles Antoine" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 1001.
  10. ^ Sacquin, Michèle; Cabannes, Viviane (2002). Zola et autour d'une oeuvre : Au bonheur des dames. Bibliothèque nationale de France. ISBN 9782717722161.
  11. ^ Brown, Frederick (1995). Zola: A Life. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 23. ISBN 0374297428. «It is described in a report filed by the Marseille police on April 3, 1845: "We conducted to the Palace of Justice a person named Mustapha, twelve years old, a native of Algiers and a domestic in the service of Monsieur Zola, civil engineer, number 4, rue de l'Arbre, who committed indecent assault [attentat à la pudeur] on the young Émile Zola, five years old."»
  12. ^ Brown, Frederick (1995). Zola: A Life. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 21 and 23. ISBN 0374297428. "During the six years I remained there, I was hungry." (page 21) and «"Let us remember how it was at secondary school. Vices had fertile ground, so that one lived in true Roman putrescence. Any cloistered association of people who belong to the same sex is morally reprehensible," he wrote in 1870, and the Goncourts report him lamenting on one occasion that "I had a perverted youth in wretched provincial school. Yes, a rotten childhood!"» (page 23)
  13. ^ a b c Larousse, Émile Zola
  14. ^ a b c Berg, William J. (24 September 2020). "Émile Zola | French author". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  15. ^ Brown, Frederick (1995). Zola: A Life. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 195. ISBN 0374297428.
  16. ^ August, Marilyn (14 December 2000). "IN LATER YEARS, ZOLA SAW WORLD THROUGH A CAMERA". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. p. F-8 – via ProQuest.
  17. ^ Brown, Frederick (1995). Zola: A Life. Farrar Straus Giroux. pp. 614, 615. ISBN 0374297428.
  18. ^ Brown, Frederick (1995). Zola: A Life. Farrar Straus Giroux. pp. 646–648. ISBN 0374297428.
  19. ^ Brown, Frederick (1995). Zola: A Life. Farrar Straus Giroux. p. 802. ISBN 0374297428.
  20. ^ Zola, Émile (1981). La Fortune des Rougon. Paris, France: Gallimard. p. 27.
  21. ^ Zola, Émile (2005). The Three Cities Trilogy Complete: Lourdes, Rome and Paris. Library of Alexandria. ISBN 978-1-4655-2672-4.
  22. ^ Martyn, Lyons (2011). Books : a living history. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum. p. 143. ISBN 9781606060834. OCLC 707023033.
  23. ^ "Literary gossip". The Week: A Canadian Journal of Politics, Literature, Science and Arts. 1 (4): 61. 27 December 1883. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
  24. ^ Zola, Émile (1902), Le Roman expérimental, Paris : Charpentier, pp. 1–53, retrieved 7 January 2021
  25. ^ Mitterand, Henri (1986). Zola et le naturalisme. Presses universitaires de France.
  26. ^ Richard Langham Smith (2001). "Zola, Emile". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.
  27. ^ a b J'accuse letter at French wikisource
  28. ^ "Correspondence Between Emile Zola and Imprisoned Alfred Dreyfus". Shapell Manuscript Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
  29. ^ "World News Briefs; French Paper Apologizes For Slurs on Dreyfus". The New York Times. Reuters. 13 January 1998. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  30. ^ Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred (1904). "Émile Zola, Novelist and Reformer: An Account of His Life & Work".
  31. ^ "Zola in Exile in Weybridge" (PDF). Weybridge Society Newsletter. Weybridge Society. Spring 2019. p. 24. Retrieved 13 February 2023 – via weybridgesociety.org.uk.
  32. ^ Watt, Peter (21 September 2017). "Zola's bicycle women" (blog). The Great Wen. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
  33. ^ Bridger, David; Wolk, Samuel (1 January 1976). The New Jewish Encyclopedia. Behrman House, Inc. p. 111. ISBN 978-0874411201.
  34. ^ Swardson, Anne (14 January 1998). "The Dreyfus Affair's Living History". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 7 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022. Because of Zola's article, ... the intellectual class was accorded the status it still holds as molder of public opinion.
  35. ^ Boyd, Ernest (19 August 2013). "From the Stacks: "Realism in France"". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  36. ^ "The Strange Death of Emile Zola". History Today Volume 52. 9 September 2002. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
  37. ^ "Thousands March at Funeral of Émile Zola: Municipal Guards Line the Route to Preserve Order". The New York Times. 6 October 1902.
  38. ^ "From the archives The tragic death of M. Zola", 30 September 1902". The Guardian. 29 June 2002.
  39. ^ Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred (1904). Émile Zola, Novelist and Reformer: An Account of His Life & Work. John Lane, the Bodley Head. p. 511.
  40. ^ "Full text of 'Emile Zola Novelist And Reformer An Account Of His Life And Work'". Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  41. ^ "Paris Monuments Panthéon-Close up picture of the interior of the crypt of Victor Hugo (left) Alexandre Dumas (middle) Emile Zola (right)". ParisPhotoGallery. Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2012.
  42. ^ a b Mounier-Kuhn, Angélique (8 August 2014). "L'asphyxie d'Émile Zola". Le Temps (in French). pp. 8–9.  Hacquin, je vais vous dire comment Zola est mort. [...] Zola a été asphyxié volontairement. C'est nous qui avons bouché la cheminée de son appartement. [Hacquin, I'm going to tell you how Zola died. [...] Zola was asphyxiated on purpose. It was us who blocked the chimney of his apartment. ]
  43. ^ Pagès, Alain (2019). L'affaire Dreyfus : vérités et légendes. Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2262074944.
  44. ^ Andréa, Alain E. (10 September 2019). "Émile Zola : ses arrière-petites-filles accusent..." L'Orient-Le Jour. Retrieved 6 September 2022. Brigitte Émile-Zola abonde dans le sens de M. Pagès. 'Je l'ai appris à 8 ans chez mon grand-père, le docteur Jacques Émile-Zola, fils d'Émile Zola, qui m'a élevée. En 1952, un homme s'est présenté chez mon grand-père pour lui donner une information sur la mort de son père. Il a raconté qu'il avait assisté un ami dans ses derniers instants. Celui-ci s'était confessé à lui en lui expliquant que, lorsqu'il était ouvrier sur un immeuble situé près de celui où habitait Zola, il avait été contacté par les antidreyfusards lui demandant de boucher la cheminée de la chambre de l'écrivain. Il avait été payé pour exécuter ce méfait. Donc Zola a bien été assassiné. Mon grand-père a transmis cette histoire à tous ses amis zoliens et j'ai fait de même toute ma vie.'  [Brigitte Émile-Zola agrees with Mr. Pagès. "I learned about it at the age of 8 from my grandfather, Dr. Jacques Émile-Zola, son of Émile Zola, who raised me. In 1952, a man came to my grandfather's house to give him information about his father's death. He said that he had been present with a friend in his last moments. The friend confessed to him that when he was working on a building near the one where Zola lived, he was contacted by the antidreyfusards, who asked him to plug the chimney of the writer's room. He was paid to carry out the misdeed. So Zola was indeed murdered. My grandfather passed on this story to all his Zola friends and I have done the same all my life."]
  45. ^ Cummins, Anthony (5 December 2015). "How Émile Zola made novels out of gutter voices and ultra-violence". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
  46. ^ "Rougon-Macquart cycle: Work by Zola". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
  47. ^ Bernheimer, Charles (1999). "Unknowing Decadence". In Constable, Liz (ed.). Perennial Decay: On the Aesthetics and Politics of Decadence. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 50–64.
  48. ^ Nelson, Brian (15 February 2007). The Cambridge Companion to Zola. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139827270.
  49. ^ Zola, Émile (2003). Nana. Paris, France: Livre de poche. ISBN 978-2253003656.
  50. ^ Garnett, A. F. (1 January 2005). Steel Wheels: The Evolution of the Railways and how They Stimulated and Excited Engineers, Architects, Artists, Writers, Musicians and Travellers. Cannwood. ISBN 9780955025709.
  51. ^ György Lukács, Studies in European Realism. A Sociological Survey of the Writings of Balzac, Stendhal, Zola, Tolstoy, Gorki and Others, London: 1950, pp. 91–95.
  52. ^ Émile Zola, Les Romanciers naturalistes, Paris: 1903, pp. 126–129.
  53. ^ Letter from Émile Zola to Jules Lemaître, 14 March 1885.
  54. ^ "Émile Zola to France's Young Generation (1893) – Positivism". 14 November 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  55. ^ See Émile Zola's speech at the annual banquet of the Students' Association at the Hotel Moderne in Paris, 20 May 1893, published in English by The New York Times on 11 June 1893 at http://www.positivists.org.
  56. ^ Émile Zola, Les Œuvres complètes, vol. 34, Paris: 1928, Thérèse Raquin, preface to 2nd edition, p. viii.
  57. ^ Émile Zola, Les Œuvres complètes, vol. 34, Paris: 1928, Thérèse Raquin, preface to 2nd edition, p. xiv.
  58. ^ Émile Zola, Les Œuvres complètes, vol. 22, Paris: 1928, Le Docteur Pascal, p. 38.
  59. ^ Hitchens, Christopher (2001). Letters to a young contrarian. Basic Books. p. xiii. ISBN 9780465030323.
  60. ^ "Stellar cast announced for Bill Gallagher's glittering new BBC One drama series The Paradise". BBC Media Centre. BBC. 17 May 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
  61. ^ Holden, Stephen (29 March 2017). "Review: In 'Cézanne et Moi,' Zola and the Artist Are Pals. However ..." The New York Times. p. C8.

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