Answer
The heart, Kidney, gastrointestinal tract, placenta, bones, and adipose tissue produces hormones apart from the ones produced by endocrine glands.
Work Step by Step
Hormones produced by heart:
Heart produces atrial natriuretic factor in response to high blood pressure. It acts as a vasodilator and decreases blood pressure.
Hormones produced by Kidney:
Kidney produces erythropoietin. This hormone is necessary for production of Red blood cells. The amount of erythropoietin increases in response to hypoxia.
Hormones produced by Gastrointestinal tract(GIT):
GIT produces Gastrin, secretin, Cholecystokinin and gastric inhibitory peptide(GIP). Gastrin is responsible for the release of HCl in stomach. Secretin is responsible for stimulating exocrine pancreatic gland to release bicarbonate ions. Cholecystokinin mainly stimulates Gall bladder to release bile and also pancreas to release pancreatic enzymes. GIP inhibits gastric glands from secreting gastric juices.
Most important hormones secreted by placenta are-
Human chorionic gonadotrophin(hCG)
Placental Lactogen(hPL)
Estrogen
progesterone
Bones produce osteocalcin which helps in regulating blood sugar and blood cholesterol levels
Adipocytes produce leptin, several cytokines, adipsin and acylation-stimulating protein, angiotensinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), adiponectin, resistin.
