Discrete Mathematics with Applications 4th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 0-49539-132-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-49539-132-6

Chapter 3 - The Logic of Quantified Statements - Exercise Set 3.4 - Page 143: 8

Answer

Valid by universal modus ponens.

Work Step by Step

Universal modus ponens: $\forall x, $ if $P(x)$ then $Q(x)$. $P(a)$ for a particular $a$. $\therefore Q(a)$. In this case P(x) is: If a person is a freshman. QIx) is: that person must take writing. a is Caroline.
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