Dylan Thomas: Poems

Footnotes

Notes

  1. ^ Jim Jones did very little farming at Fernhill, as his neighbours noted: "Big in his ways—no work in him—left Fernhill farm to ruins—they were in a poor way—received £1 a week compensation—but there was nothing wrong with him." See Thomas, D. N. (2003) Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, vol. 1, p. 213. Jim and Annie rented Fernhill from Frances Maria Blumberg, the daughter of Robert Ricketts Evans, the so-called Fernhill hangman. They left Fernhill about 1929 and moved to Mount Pleasant, a ramshackle cottage up the lane from Blaencwm. See Thomas (2003), ch. 5.
  2. ^ In his 1989 biography of Thomas, Ferris claims that two of Thomas's friends had stated that they met him in London in 1932, though his late 1933 visit to the city is the first for which evidence exists.[87]
  3. ^ Davenport was, for many years, literary editor of The Observer newspaper. "From July to November 1940 Dylan Thomas and his family stayed at 'The Malting House' 78 High Street, Marshfield, near Chippenham in Gloucestershire, with the critic John Davenport and his American painter wife, Clement, who kept an open house for musicians and writers. The composers Lennox Berkeley and Arnold Cooke, the music critic William Glock and writer Antonia White, joined them."[117]
  4. ^ The reason for being graded unsuitable for military service is vague. His mother said it was due to "punctured lungs", while Vernon Watkins believed it was "scarred" lungs. Neither statement is corroborated by Thomas's autopsy, although Milton Helpern found some emphysema, probably caused by chain-smoking.[121]
  5. ^ The footage was taken from Riefenstahl's 1935 propaganda film Triumph des Willens.[131]
  6. ^ More information on Vera and Dylan, who were distant cousins, can be found at "The Edge of Love: the Real Story"
  7. ^ John Brinnin in his 1956 book, Dylan Thomas in America (p. 104) states that on a visit to Laugharne in 1951 he was shown "more than two hundred separate and distinct versions of the poem (Fern Hill)" by Thomas.
  8. ^ On her translations, see Thomas, D. N. (2004), pp. 154–172.
  9. ^ FitzGibbon, in his 1965 biography, lists 39 venues visited in the first US trip, compiled with the help of John Brinnin, but accepts that some locations may have been missed.
  10. ^ The BBC submitted the play posthumously along with a French translation by Jacques-Bernard Brunius.[217]
  11. ^ Ruthven Todd states in his letter dated 23 November that the police were called, who then called the ambulance, while Ferris in his 1989 biography writes that Feltenstein was summoned again and called the ambulance. D. N. Thomas concurs that Feltenstein eventually returned at 1 am and summoned the ambulance.
  12. ^ In reply to a student's questions in 1951, Thomas stated: "I do not think that Joyce has had any hand at all in my writing; certainly his Ulysses has not. On the other hand, I cannot deny on the shaping of some of my Portrait stories might owe something to Joyce's stories in the volume, Dubliners. But then Dubliners was a pioneering work in the world of the short story, and no good storywriter since can have failed, in some way, however little, to have benefited by it." FitzGibbon (1965), p. 370.
  13. ^ In his notes to page 186, Ferris (1989) states that in a BBC Home Service programme aired in 1950, Poetic Licence, in which Campbell and Thomas appeared, Thomas said "I won't forgive you for the Swansea's Rimbaud, because you called me that first Roy".
  14. ^ "The Orchard" makes reference to the 'Black Book of Llareggub'. Here Thomas makes links with religion and the mythic Wales of the White Book of Rhydderch and the Black Book of Carmarthen.
  15. ^ Jones notes that in Thomas's early work, such as Eighteen Poems, the iambic foot was the rhythmic basis of his line, while in his later work a count of syllables replaced a count of accents.[289]

References

  1. ^ "Dylan Thomas". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 11 January 2008.
  2. ^ "Did hard-living or medical neglect kill Dylan Thomas?". BBC. 8 November 2013. Archived from the original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
  3. ^ The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. 2008. pp. 861–862. ISBN 978-0-7083-1953-6.
  4. ^ Ciabattari, Jane (21 October 2014). "Dylan Thomas: Rock 'n' roll poet". bbc.com. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  5. ^ Morton, Richard (1 January 1962). "Notes on the imagery of Dylan Thomas". English Studies. 43 (1–6): 155–164. doi:10.1080/00138386208597117.
  6. ^ Tindall, William York (1 September 1996). A Reader's Guide to Dylan Thomas. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-0401-3. Retrieved 10 May 2020 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ Moynihan, William T. (1964). "Dylan Thomas and the "Biblical Rhythm"". PMLA. 79 (5): 631–647. doi:10.2307/461150. JSTOR 461150. S2CID 164050426.
  8. ^ Jones, John Idris (27 August 2012). "Dylan Thomas: a Great Poet?". Wales Arts Review. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  9. ^ "About Dylan Thomas: Academy of American Poets". poets.org. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  10. ^ FitzGibbon (1965), pp. 10–11.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i Ferris, Paul (2004). "Thomas, Dylan Marlais (1914–1953) (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online edition. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  12. ^ 1921 census return for 5, Cwmdonkin Drive at FindmyPast.
  13. ^ Ferris, P. (1999) Dylan Thomas:The Biography, p. 17, Dent.
  14. ^ Barbara Treacher, a Swansea cousin, in Thomas, D. N. (2003), Dylan Remembered vol. 1, 1914–1934, p. 40, Seren.
  15. ^ D. N. Thomas (2004), Dylan Remembered 1935–1953, pp. 73 and 97, Seren, and D. N. Thomas (2000), Dylan Thomas: A Farm, Two Mansions and a Bungalow, pp. 103–104, Seren.
  16. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 22.
  17. ^ a b c d e Bold, Alan Norman (1976). Cambridge Book of English Verse, 1939–1975. Cambridge University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-521-09840-3.
  18. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 23.
  19. ^ a b c Kirsch, Adam (5 July 2004). "Reckless Endangerment : The making and unmaking of Dylan Thomas". The New Yorker. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
  20. ^ "Welcome to Dylan Thomas Birthplace".
  21. ^ See, for example, his radio broadcasts Reminiscences of Childhood, Memories of Childhood and Holiday Memory collected in R. Maud (1991), On the Air with Dylan Thomas: The Broadcasts, New Directions.
  22. ^ See Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 33–53.
  23. ^ See J. A. Davies (2000), Dylan Thomas's Swansea, Gower and Laugharne, UWP, which provides a helpful guide to the Swansea in which the young Thomas grew up.
  24. ^ His maternal grandparents, Hannah and George Williams of 29, Delhi Street, St. Thomas, Swansea, had both died before he was born, as had his paternal grandfather, Evan Thomas, in Carmarthen. Evan's wife, Anne Thomas, died in January 1917, age 82. See Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 180–188.
  25. ^ For more on Polly and Bob in Swansea, see ch. 3 in D. N. Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, vol. 1. They moved to Blaencwm near Llansteffan in 1927/28.
  26. ^ For more on David and Theodosia Rees and Thomas' stays with them, see D. N. Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, vol. 1, pp. 217–218, and D. N. Thomas (2004), Dylan Remembered 1935–1953, vol. 2, pp. 20–21, in which a parishioner notes "He'd stay for perhaps three weeks or a month there...And there wouldn't be his sister or mother or father. He'd often be there alone..." Kent Thompson has provided a similar account of Thomas holidaying with David and Theodosia Rees in Newton, "where he played in the chapel alley and waded in the muddy, unpaved streets." (K. E. Thompson (1965), Dylan Thomas in Swansea, pp. 62–63, Ph.D., University College of Swansea.)
  27. ^ 1921 census returns, at Findmypast online.
  28. ^ Thomas, David N. "A True Childhood: Dylan's Peninsularity" in Dylan Thomas : A Centenary Celebration, ed. Hannah Ellis, London: Bloomsbury, 2014, pp. 7–29, and online at Dylan and his aunties
  29. ^ The main cluster of Williams farms included Waunfwlchan, Llwyngwyn, Maesgwyn, Pentowyn, Pencelli-uchaf and Penycoed. For more on both Thomas's farmyard and Swansea aunts, see Dylan and his aunties
  30. ^ Pratt, William (1 June 1996). Singing the Chaos: Madness and Wisdom in Modern Poetry. University of Missouri Press. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-8262-1048-7. Retrieved 30 August 2012.
  31. ^ Jim and Rachel's parents had farmed Pentrewyman from at least 1864. For more on Jim Jones, including a family tree, see three essays at Jim Jones and Pentrewyman
  32. ^ Information from May Bowen, the Pentrewyman farm girl, and from two schoolboy friends, William Phillips and Tudor Price, about Thomas' time at Pentrewyman can be found in D. N. Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, vol. 1, pp. 46–53.
  33. ^ As shown in the 1921 census data, taken from FindmyPast online.
  34. ^ Interviews with Thomas' schoolboy friends in Llangain in D. N. Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, p. 52, Seren.
  35. ^ D. N. Thomas (2003), p. 209.
  36. ^ D. N. Thomas (2003), pp. 50–53. But also see the comment from May Bowen, the farm girl at Pentrewyman, that Thomas, Nancy and their parents always spoke English at Pentrewyman (p. 48).
  37. ^ 1921 Census Summary Tables, National Library of Wales.
  38. ^ Blaencwm stood on a country lane just off the main road from Llangain to Llansteffan. It was just a short walk up the lane to his aunts and cousins in Llwyngwyn and Maesgwyn farms.
  39. ^ Polly, Theodosia and Bob in 1927/28.
  40. ^ For more on Blaencwm and Thomas' visits there, see Thomas, D. N. (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, ch. 6, Seren, as well as Thomas' letters from Blaencwm in the Collected Letters, the first being on 17 September 1933. His first mention of Blaencwm is in his letter to Nancy sent about 1926. It's the first letter in the Collected Letters.
  41. ^ Florence's father, George Williams, was also Anne's father. For more on this, see pp. 42, 182–185 and 290, in Thomas, D. N. (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, Seren, and also Note (ii) at Dylan and his Ferryside aunts and uncles Anne, her second husband Robert and Anne's daughter, Doris, are noted as Welsh speakers on their 1921 census return.
  42. ^ Anne's first marriage had been to John Gwyn of Cwrthyr Mansion, Llangain. For more on the Gwyns of Cwrthyr, and on Anne's marriage and children with John Gwyn, see D. N. Thomas, ed. (2004), Dylan Remembered 1935–1953, vol. 2, pp. 21–23, Seren. After Gwyn's death in 1893, Anne married Robert Williams and they lived in Rose Cottage. According to the Llansteffan barber, Ocky Owen, Thomas "used to come here every summer, and father and mother – and his sister...they stayed with some relation...Mrs Anne Williams...his holiday was fixed here...they stayed here – for about three weeks or a month...visiting Fernhill and places from here..." Anne's daughter, Doris, has noted that Thomas was "quite a little boy" when he came to stay in Rose Cottage. By the 1921 census, Anne, Robert and Doris had left Rose Cottage and were living in Ferryside. For more on both Anne, and on Thomas' holidays in Llansteffan, see pp. 41 and 42 in Thomas, D. N. (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934.
  43. ^ See the interview with Doris and Randy in D. N. Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 42–46, vol. 1. Doris and Randy lived in Abergavenny between 1929 and 1931 above the practice at 11, Brecon Road. (AncestryLibrary.com online, British Phone Books 1880–1984.)
  44. ^ See Born in Llangadog
  45. ^ William Lewis was living with the Thomases at The Poplars at the 1881 census.(FindmyPast online.) He died there on 20 February 1888 and was buried in Llangadog on 23 February 1888 (Parish registers). For more, see Llangadog relatives.
  46. ^ See D. N. Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 186–192.
  47. ^ See Thomas (2003) Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 192–194.
  48. ^ See online at Port Talbot aunt and uncles?
  49. ^ Both Thomas' mother and father had relatives in Pontardulais. See Deric M. John and David N. Thomas (2010), From Fountain to River: Dylan Thomas and Pontardulais, in Cambria, Autumn, and online at Dylan Thomas and Pontardulais
  50. ^ Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 186–194.
  51. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 25.
  52. ^ Thomas, D. N. "A True Childhood: Dylan's Peninsularity" in Dylan Thomas : A Centenary Celebration ed. Ellis, H., London: Bloomsbury, 2014, pp. 18–19, and online at Dylan Thomas's Llansteffan childhood
  53. ^ Ferris, P. (1999), p. 14.
  54. ^ "Everybody mothered Dylan. Everybody, even my family mothered Dylan… he played up to it." Barbara Treacher, a Swansea cousin, in Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered vol. 1 1914–1934 p. 40. For more on Treacher and her family's Brechfa origins, see Thomas (2003), pp. 189–190.
  55. ^ Thomas, C. (1986), Life with Dylan Thomas, p. 50, Secker and Warburg.
  56. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 35. See also Hardy, J. A. (1995), "At Dame School with Dylan", New Welsh Review, Spring no. 28.
  57. ^ Broadcast on 21 March 1945 and reproduced in Maud. R. (1991), p. 7.
  58. ^ Gwen James (1888–1960) on whom see Note 19 in Thomas, D .N.(2003), p. 286, and also p115 on the help she gave Little Theatre cast members.
  59. ^ See Thomas (2003), pp. 116, 260–261.
  60. ^ See D. N. Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 53–94.
  61. ^ FitzGibbon (1965), pp. 45–47.
  62. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 41.
  63. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 61.
  64. ^ R. Maud ed. (1970)Dylan Thomas in Print: A Bibliographical History, University of Pittsburgh Press. Thomas' co-editor, Percy Smart, has also provided an account of Thomas' work as editor at Thomas (2003), pp. 77–79.
  65. ^ Ferris (1989), pp. 55–56.
  66. ^ "Dylan's Swansea". Dylanthomas.com. City and County of Swansea. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  67. ^ Turner, Robin (26 June 2013). "A teenage Dylan Thomas 'was very athletic and loved running'". Wales Online. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  68. ^ See Ferris (1989), p. 74, as well as interviews with Thomas's fellow reporters and other staff at Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered vol. 1 1914–1934, pp. 118–133.
  69. ^ See chapter 7, "Dylan on the Stage" in Thomas (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934. See also pp. 95–118 for interviews with those who took part in productions with Thomas.
  70. ^ Thomas (2003), pp. 264–265.
  71. ^ Thomas (2003), pp. 265–267. On South Leigh drama, see the interviews with Ethel Gunn and Dorothy Murray at South Leigh drama society
  72. ^ a poetry reading at the Wigmore Hall in 1946, in the presence of the royal family.
  73. ^ in Paradise Lost in 1947, BBC Third Programme.
  74. ^ Thomas, D. N. (2004), Dylan Remembered 1935–1953, vol. 2, p. 153, Seren.
  75. ^ See, for example, his letters to Pamela Hansford Johnson of 11 November 1933 and 15 April 1934.
  76. ^ Letter to Hansford Johnson, 15 April 1934.
  77. ^ Thomas (2004), "At Ease Among Painters", in Dylan Remembered 1935–1953, pp. 350–351.
  78. ^ e.g. his friendships with Alfred Janes (painter), Ronald Cour (sculptor), Mervyn Levy (art critic) and Kenneth Hancock (Principal, Swansea Art School).
  79. ^ e.g. his friendships, and sometimes collaboration, with Michael Ayrton, Oswell Blakeston, Mervyn Peake, John Banting, Jankel Adler, Robert Colquhoun, Robert MacBryde and Roland Penrose.
  80. ^ e.g. Dave Slivka, Loren MacIver and Peter Grippe.
  81. ^ Towns, Jeff (2013). Dylan Thomas: The Pubs. Y Lolfa. pp. 73–84. ISBN 978-1-84771-693-4.
  82. ^ Turner, Robin (6 May 2006). "Where Dylan Thomas 'communed with his legendary creatures'". Western Mail. thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  83. ^ Music, poetry and other material was broadcast along hidden wires by the teenage Thomas and Jones from the upper floor of Jones' home, Warmley, to the floors below. For more on The Warmley Broadcasting Corporation, see D. Jones (1977) My Friend Dylan Thomas, Dent.
  84. ^ Tonkin, Boyd (11 February 2006). "Dylan Thomas and the Kardomah set". The Independent. Archived from the original on 7 September 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
  85. ^ See Ferris (1999), pp. 72–78, for an overview of their friendship, with an extended interview with Trick in Thomas, D. N. (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp157-174, Seren, as well as an account by Trick's son: Trick, K. (2001) Bert Trick – the Original Marx Brother, New Welsh Review 54.
  86. ^ See an interview with Atkin about his friendship with Thomas in Thomas, D. N. (2003), Dylan Remembered (1914–1934), pp. 138–145, vol. 1, Seren, as well as Atkin's entry in the Dictionary of Welsh Biography at Rev. Leon Atkin.
  87. ^ Ferris 1989, p. 86
  88. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 91.
  89. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 102.
  90. ^ a b Kirsch, Adam (5 July 2004). "Reckless Endangerment: The making and unmaking of Dylan Thomas". New Yorker. p. 2. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  91. ^ Williams, Chrissy (29 November 2010). "Model Publisher or Pirate?". Hand + Star. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
  92. ^ Letter to Hansford Johnson, May 21 1934 in the Collected Letters.
  93. ^ Lycett, Andrew (2004). Dylan Thomas: A New Life. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 118. ISBN 0-75381-787-X.
  94. ^ Lycett, Andrew (2004). Dylan Thomas: A New Life. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 120. ISBN 0-75381-787-X.
  95. ^ "Discover Dylan Thomas's Life: Mother". Discover Dylan Thomas. Retrieved 20 August 2016. Florence was fiercely proud of her son's achievements and was desperately keen to protect her son. This did have its disadvantages. A friend of Dylan's, Tom Warner describes Dylan's first trip to his house, "the first time Dylan came, we noticed that he was just sitting in rather a helpless way with his egg untouched, and by general gestures we realised he wanted someone to take the top off for him-he'd never done it himself". Years later, his wife Caitlin would remove the tops off his eggs and would prepare him sugared bread and milk cut neatly into squares when he was ill, just as mam would have done. Despite her overindulgence, she had a strong bond with her children.
  96. ^ Janes, Hilly (2014). The Three Lives of Dylan Thomas. The Robson Press. ISBN 978-1849546881.
  97. ^ "New Verse" (PDF). Frances Franklin Grigson. December 1935. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 October 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2014.
  98. ^ Tremlett, George (1991). Dylan Thomas: In the Mercy of His Means. London: Constable. ISBN 978-0-09-472180-7.
  99. ^ a b c Jackaman, Rob (1989). The Course of English Surrealist Poetry Since The 1930s. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-88946-932-7. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  100. ^ a b Jackson, Paul (2014). "Dylan Thomas: the Anti-Fascist Propagandist". In Ellis, Hannah (ed.). Dylan Thomas: A Centenary Celebration. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 90–101.
  101. ^ See Thomas, D. N. (2003), Dylan Remembered 1914–1934, pp. 170–172, Seren. Thomas mentions attending the rally in his letter of 3 July 1934 to Pamela Hansford Johnson.
  102. ^ "Caitlin's descent". This was first published on the official Dylan Thomas website, Discover Dylan Thomas, 24 April 2017.
  103. ^ a b Ferris (1989), p. 151.
  104. ^ a b Thorpe, Vanessa (26 November 2006). "Race to put the passion of Dylan's Caitlin on big screen". The Observer. London. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
  105. ^ a b Paul Ferris, "Thomas, Caitlin (1913–1994)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 (subscription only)
  106. ^ a b Jones, Glyn (2 August 1994). "Obituary: Caitlin Thomas". The Independent. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
  107. ^ Akbar, Arifa (19 April 2008). "Dylan Thomas revival proves death has no dominion". The Independent. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
  108. ^ FitzGibbon (1965), p. 205.
  109. ^ Ferris (1989), pp. 152–153.
  110. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 161.
  111. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 164.
  112. ^ They also lived in Blashford (November 1938 to March 1939 and January 1940 to March 1940), Marshfield, Chippenham (July 1940 to November 1940), and Bishopston (December 1940 to April 1941) – see Thomas' Collected Letters.
  113. ^ Thomas' Collected Letters show that the family lived for eighteen months in Gosport Street and Sea View, Laugharne, between May 1938 and July 1940, and for three months in the Castle in 1941. They did not return to live in Laugharne until May 1949.
  114. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 175.
  115. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 177.
  116. ^ Ferris (1989), pp. 178–180.
  117. ^ "Dylan Thomas in Marshfield". thewordtravels.com. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
  118. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 345.
  119. ^ Read (1964), p. 102.
  120. ^ Thomas (2008), p. 11.
  121. ^ Ferris 1989, pp. 178–179
  122. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 183.
  123. ^ Thomas, David N. (2004). Dylan Remembered. Vol. 2 1935–1953. Seren. p. 92. ISBN 978-1-85411-363-4.
  124. ^ "Thomas, Dylan." Gale Contextual Encyclopedia of World Literature. Gale. 2009.
  125. ^ "Kardomah Cafe, Swansea". BBC Wales. 13 April 2009. Retrieved 26 July 2012.
  126. ^ "Discover Dylan Thomas's screenplays".
  127. ^ "Dylan Thomas - The Filmscripts".
  128. ^ "New Towns for Old". 2 April 2007 – via IMDb.
  129. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 187.
  130. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 188.
  131. ^ Ferris 1989, p. 190
  132. ^ Lycett, Andrew (21 June 2008). "The reluctant propagandist". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 24 June 2008.
  133. ^ McFarlane, Brian (2005). The Encyclopaedia of British Film. Methuen. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-413-77526-9.
  134. ^ a b c Ferris, Paul (17 August 2003). "I was Dylan's secret lover". The Observer. guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
  135. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 194.
  136. ^ D. N. Thomas (2000) Dylan Thomas: A Farm, Two Mansions and a Bungalow, pp27-77, Seren.
  137. ^ See the interview with Amanda Williams who lived in Plas Gelli while the Thomases were there: see D. N. Thomas (2000) Dylan Thomas: A Farm, Two Mansions and a Bungalow, pp232-238 Seren.
  138. ^ Ferris (2000), pp. 559–561, 563–565.
  139. ^ D. N. Thomas (2000) Dylan Thomas: A Farm, Two Mansions and a Bungalow, Seren.
  140. ^ "Dylan Thomas and the Edge of Love - Dylan Thomas and the Edge of Love: The Real Story".
  141. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 200.
  142. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 201.
  143. ^ See Thomas' letters from Majoda, September 1, 1944 to July 5, 1945 in the Collected Letters.
  144. ^ a b Ferris (1989), p. 213. To read Quite Early... see R. Maud (1991) On the Air with Dylan Thomas, p9, New Directions.
  145. ^ Started writing Fern Hill in New Quay: see (1) C. FitzGibbon (1965) The Life of Dylan Thomas, p.266, Little-Brown. (2) C. Thomas (1986) Caitlin: Life with Dylan Thomas, p92, Secker and Warburg. (3) P. Ferris (1999) Dylan Thomas: The Biography, p.4, J. M. Dent. Further work was done on Fern Hill in July and August 1945 at Blaencwm, the family cottage in Carmarthenshire, Wales. A draft of the poem was sent to David Tennant on August 28, 1945: see P. Ferris ed. (2000) The Collected Letters of Dylan Thomas, p. 629, J. M. Dent. Fern Hill received its first publication in Horizon magazine in October 1945.
  146. ^ FitzGibbon (1965), p. 266.
  147. ^ Ferris (1999), p. 4.
  148. ^ G. Tremlett (1993), Dylan Thomas: In the Mercy of his Means, Constable, p. 95.
  149. ^ Davies, W., and Maud, R. (eds) (1995). Under Milk Wood: the Definitive Edition, p. xvii, Everyman.
  150. ^ Read (1964), p. 115.
  151. ^ "Dylan Thomas – The Broadcasts". dylanthomas.com. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
  152. ^ FitzGibbon (1965), pp. 395–399.
  153. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 218.
  154. ^ a b Read (1964), p. 116.
  155. ^ Ferris (1989), pp. 219–220.
  156. ^ FitzGibbon (1965), pp. 396–397.
  157. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 219.
  158. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 221.
  159. ^ Balakier, James J. (1996). "The Ambiguous Reversal of Dylan Thomas's "In Country Sleep."". Papers on Language & Literature. 32 (1): 21. Archived from the original on 26 June 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  160. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 216.
  161. ^ Ferris, P. (1999), p. 208.
  162. ^ Turner, W. J. (1946). The Spectator. Vol. 176. The Spectator.
  163. ^ For interviews with those writers who knew Thomas in Italy, see Thomas, D, N. (2004), pp. 104–124.
  164. ^ "Dylan Thomas and South Leigh".
  165. ^ (1) Burton, P. (1953), untitled, Dylan Thomas Memorial Number in Adam International Review. (2) Tape recorded interview in the Jeff Towns Collection. (3) Letters to Douglas Cleverdon, 9 October 1967 and 26 February 1968, in the Cleverdon archive, Lilly Library, University of Indiana, and reproduced at Burton and Thomas
  166. ^ The lines about Organ Morgan playing for sheep are found at the very end of the play. See Davies, W. and Maud, R. eds.(1995), p. 61, Under Milk Wood: the Definitive Edition, Everyman.
  167. ^ Thomas, D. N. (2004), Dylan Remembered 1934–1953, pp. 160–164 and 295–296, Seren, and also at Milk Wood in Prague. Taken from Hauková's Memoirs: Záblesky života (1996), H&H, Jinočany, and translated at Thomas, D. N. (2004), p. 163. This information about Thomas reading a first version of Under Milk Wood in Prague in March 1949 was first published by FitzGibbon in his 1965 biography of Thomas, after receiving a letter from Hauková: "Thomas then told us the first version of his Milk Wood" (p304). Two others at the party, both of whom had been educated at the English school in Prague, also remember Thomas talking about Under Milk Wood at the party: see Thomas, D. N. (2004), pp. 167, 169–170.
  168. ^ Ferris (1989), p.239.
  169. ^ a b "The Writing Shed". dylanthomasboathouse.com. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  170. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 240.
  171. ^ "Laugharne". BBC. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  172. ^ Thomas, C. (1986), p. 112.
  173. ^ Curnow, A. (1982) "Images of Dylan" in the NZ Listener, 18 December.
  174. ^ For more on this, see D. N. Thomas (2004), The Birth of Under Milk Wood in Dylan Remembered 1935–1953, p. 297, Seren.
  175. ^ Ferris (1989), pp. 243–250.
  176. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 251.
  177. ^ FitzGibbon (1965), pp. 403–406.
  178. ^ Ferris (1989), pp. 252–254.
  179. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 255.
  180. ^ Ferris (1989), pp. 279–280.
  181. ^ Ferris, P. (2000), Collected Letters, p. 860.
  182. ^ Ferris (1989), p. 280.
  183. ^ D. Callard (1998) Dylan Thomas in Iran, New Welsh Review, December.
  184. ^ For an extensive discussion of Thomas' trip to Iran, including his supposed but unproven connections to MI5 and MI6 intelligence agencies, see Thomas, D. N. (2000), A Farm, Two Mansions and a Bungalow, ch. 6, The Spying Seren.
  185. ^ Collected Letters, pp. 871-877.
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