The grave
In America, an open grave waits for Harriet's father, Major Winslow. This is a key symbol in the text and represents the imminent presence of death, especially for those involved in warfare. Instead, Ambrose Bierce's body is put in the grave and represents a celebration and admiration for his life. This symbol also represents the fact that the old gringo often metaphorically takes the place of Harriet's father in the text.
The border
The border between Mexico and America is a key motif in this text and has many implications. One character says that this border is a "scar," which refers to the damage that the relationship between Mexico and America has caused. Throughout the novel characters cross this border, which has an impact on their identity and their development.
Arroyo's deed
Arroyo's prized possession in the text is a disease to Miranda's land, as he is an illegitimate son and heir. The old gringo later destroys this document in an act of revenge, which leads Arroyo into a murderous rage. For Arroyo, this document represents the proof of his identity and parentage, and his hopes for a better future.
