Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 3 - Vectors and Coordinate Systems - Exercises and Problems - Page 84: 42

Answer

$4.36\;{\text{units of force}},\; 263.4^\circ$

Work Step by Step

To keep the knot stationary, the net force exerted on it must be zero. So, the force applied by you must equal and be opposite the net force of the two other forces. $$\vec F_{you}=-\vec F_{net}=-(3\cos 0^\circ +5\cos120^\circ)\hat i-(3\sin 0^\circ +5\sin120^\circ)\hat j$$ $$\vec F_{you}= - 0.5\;\hat i-4.33\;\hat j$$ The magnitude of $\vec F_{you}$ is given by applying the Pythagorean theorem. $$|\vec F_{you}|=\sqrt{F_x^2+F_y^2}=\sqrt{(-0.5)^2+(-4.33)^2}=\color{red}{\bf 4.36}\;\rm units \;of\; force$$ and its direction is given by $$\tan\alpha_D=\dfrac{D_y}{D_x}$$ Thus, $$\alpha_F=\tan^{-1}\left[\dfrac{F_y}{F_x}\right]=\tan^{-1}\left[\dfrac{-4.33}{- 0.5}\right]=\bf 83.4^\circ$$ And since it is in the third quadrant, $$\alpha_F=180^\circ +83.4^\circ =\color{red}{\bf 263.4^\circ}$$
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