Chapter 16 - Section 16.1 - Properties and Types of Sensory Receptors - Before You Go On - Page 581: 5

In the context of receptor classification, there are three primary schemes or criteria used to categorize sensory receptors: based on stimulus type, based on receptor location, and based on receptor structure. Let's classify the receptors for a full bladder and taste receptors using each of these schemes: 1. **Based on Stimulus Type:** - **Full Bladder Receptors:** Receptors for a full bladder are classified based on the stimulus type they detect, which is the stretching of the bladder wall due to the accumulation of urine. These receptors are categorized as mechanoreceptors because they respond to mechanical stimuli, specifically changes in pressure or stretching of the bladder wall. - **Taste Receptors:** Taste receptors are classified as chemoreceptors because they respond to chemical stimuli. They detect the presence of different chemical compounds in the substances we taste and are responsible for our perception of various tastes, such as sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami. 2. **Based on Receptor Location:** - **Full Bladder Receptors:** These receptors are located in the urinary bladder wall. More specifically, they are stretch receptors embedded in the bladder's smooth muscle and mucosa. They are positioned to detect changes in the physical state of the bladder. - **Taste Receptors:** Taste receptors are located primarily on the tongue and other oral mucosal surfaces. They are found in specialized structures called taste buds, which are distributed on the tongue's papillae and in the linings of the mouth and throat. 3. **Based on Receptor Structure:** - **Full Bladder Receptors:** Receptors for a full bladder can be classified based on their structural characteristics. They are typically classified as encapsulated mechanoreceptors, which means they are sensory nerve endings encased in connective tissue capsules. One specific type of encapsulated mechanoreceptor found in the bladder is the stretch receptor. - **Taste Receptors:** Taste receptors, specifically those found in taste buds, can be further classified based on their structural types. Taste buds contain different types of cells, including taste receptor cells, supporting cells, and basal cells. Taste receptor cells have microvilli that extend into the oral cavity, where they come into contact with tastants (chemicals responsible for taste). In summary, receptors for a full bladder are primarily classified as mechanoreceptors, based on stimulus type, located in the bladder wall, and often categorized as encapsulated mechanoreceptors based on structural characteristics. Taste receptors, on the other hand, are chemoreceptors, located in the oral mucosa (especially within taste buds), and have various structural cell types within the taste bud.

In the context of receptor classification, there are three primary schemes or criteria used to categorize sensory receptors: based on stimulus type, based on receptor location, and based on receptor structure. Let's classify the receptors for a full bladder and taste receptors using each of these schemes: 1. **Based on Stimulus Type:** - **Full Bladder Receptors:** Receptors for a full bladder are classified based on the stimulus type they detect, which is the stretching of the bladder wall due to the accumulation of urine. These receptors are categorized as mechanoreceptors because they respond to mechanical stimuli, specifically changes in pressure or stretching of the bladder wall. - **Taste Receptors:** Taste receptors are classified as chemoreceptors because they respond to chemical stimuli. They detect the presence of different chemical compounds in the substances we taste and are responsible for our perception of various tastes, such as sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami. 2. **Based on Receptor Location:** - **Full Bladder Receptors:** These receptors are located in the urinary bladder wall. More specifically, they are stretch receptors embedded in the bladder's smooth muscle and mucosa. They are positioned to detect changes in the physical state of the bladder. - **Taste Receptors:** Taste receptors are located primarily on the tongue and other oral mucosal surfaces. They are found in specialized structures called taste buds, which are distributed on the tongue's papillae and in the linings of the mouth and throat. 3. **Based on Receptor Structure:** - **Full Bladder Receptors:** Receptors for a full bladder can be classified based on their structural characteristics. They are typically classified as encapsulated mechanoreceptors, which means they are sensory nerve endings encased in connective tissue capsules. One specific type of encapsulated mechanoreceptor found in the bladder is the stretch receptor. - **Taste Receptors:** Taste receptors, specifically those found in taste buds, can be further classified based on their structural types. Taste buds contain different types of cells, including taste receptor cells, supporting cells, and basal cells. Taste receptor cells have microvilli that extend into the oral cavity, where they come into contact with tastants (chemicals responsible for taste). In summary, receptors for a full bladder are primarily classified as mechanoreceptors, based on stimulus type, located in the bladder wall, and often categorized as encapsulated mechanoreceptors based on structural characteristics. Taste receptors, on the other hand, are chemoreceptors, located in the oral mucosa (especially within taste buds), and have various structural cell types within the taste bud.