Trigonometry 7th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1111826854
ISBN 13: 978-1-11182-685-7

Chapter 8 - Section 8.4 - Roots of a Complex Number - 8.4 Problem Set - Page 448: 50

Answer

Choice a \[ 3 \sqrt{2}+3 i \sqrt{2} \ \ \ \ \text {and} \quad-3 \sqrt{2}-3 i \sqrt{2} \]

Work Step by Step

The modulus of a complex number in the standard form $x+y i$ is: \[ 36 i+0=36 i \] \[ \begin{array}{l} =\sqrt{y^{2}+x^{2}} \\ =\sqrt{36^{2}+0^{2}} \\ =\sqrt{1296} \\ =36 \end{array} \] Angle $\theta$ is the smallest positive angle for which: \[ 1=\frac{36}{36}=\frac{x}{r}=\cos \theta \] \[ 0=\frac{0}{36}=\frac{y}{r}=\sin \theta \] $\mathrm{Thus}$ \[ 90^{\circ}=\theta \] Using the definition of the trigonometric form of a complex number: \[ \begin{aligned} &=(\cos \theta+i \sin \theta) r\\ &36\left(\cos 90^{\circ}+i \sin 90^{\circ}\right)=36 i \end{aligned} \] Using the roots theorem: \[ r^{\frac{1}{n}}\left[\cos \left(\frac{\theta}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{n} k\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\theta}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{n} k\right)\right]=u_{k} \] When $0=k$ : \[ 36^{\frac{1}{2}}\left[\cos \left(\frac{90^{\circ}}{2}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{2}(0)\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{90^{\circ}}{2}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{2}(0)\right)\right]=u_{0} \] Simplify: \[ \begin{aligned} =& [\cos 45+i \sin 45] 6\\ &=\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} i\right]6 \end{aligned} \] Multiply: \[ \begin{array}{l} =\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} i \\ =[3 \sqrt{2}+3 i \sqrt{2}] \end{array} \] When $1=k$ : \[ 36^{\frac{1}{2}}\left[\cos \left(\frac{90^{\circ}}{2}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{2}(1)\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{90^{\circ}}{2}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{2}(1)\right)\right]=w_{1} \] Simplify: \[ \begin{array}{c} =\left[\cos \left(45^{\circ}+180^{\circ}\right)+i \sin \left(45^{\circ}+180^{\circ}\right)\right]6 \\ =\left[\cos 225^{\circ}+i \sin 225^{\circ}\right] 6\\ =\left[-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} i\right]6 \end{array} \] Multiply: \[ \begin{array}{l} =-\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{6}{\sqrt{2}} i \\ =-3 \sqrt{2}-3 i \sqrt{2} \end{array} \] Thus, the correct choice is a.
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