Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)

Published by Prentice Hall
ISBN 10: 0321910419
ISBN 13: 978-0-32191-041-7

Chapter 7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements - Exercises - Page 292: 7.38b

Answer

The equation that shows the process for the fourth ionization energy of zirconium is $$Zr^{3+}\to Zr^{4+}+e^-$$

Work Step by Step

We already saw that the first ionization is the process to remove the first electron from a neutral atom, and the second ionization is the process to remove the second electron from an already-lost-one-electron ion. Therefore, the fourth ionization of zirconium $(Zr)$ would be the process to remove the fourth electron from a zirconium ion, which has already lost 3 electrons before. That means the equation that shows the process for the fourth ionization energy of zirconium is $$Zr^{3+}\to Zr^{4+}+e^-$$
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