## Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity (9th Edition)

Published by Cengage Learning

# Chapter 16 Principles of Chemical Reactivity: The Chemistry of Acids and Bases - Study Questions - Page 629c: 49

#### Answer

Hydronium ion : $[H_3O^+] = 1.897 \times 10^{- 3}M$ Acetate ion : $[CH_3COO^-] = 1.897 \times 10^{- 3}M$ Acetic acid : $[CH_3COOH] \approx 0.2M$

#### Work Step by Step

1. Drawing the equilibrium (ICE) table, we get these concentrations at equilibrium: -$[H_3O^+] = [CH_3COO^-] = x$ -$[CH_3COOH] = [CH_3COOH]_{initial} - x = 0.2 - x$ For approximation, we consider: $[CH_3COOH] = 0.2M$ 2. Now, use the Ka value and equation to find the 'x' value. $Ka = \frac{[H_3O^+][CH_3COO^-]}{ [CH_3COOH]}$ $Ka = 1.8 \times 10^{- 5}= \frac{x * x}{ 0.2}$ $Ka = 1.8 \times 10^{- 5}= \frac{x^2}{ 0.2}$ $3.6 \times 10^{- 6} = x^2$ $x = 1.897 \times 10^{- 3}$ Percent ionization: $\frac{ 1.897 \times 10^{- 3}}{ 0.2} \times 100\% = 0.9487\%$ %ionization < 5% : Right approximation. Therefore: $[H_3O^+] = [CH_3COO^-] = x = 1.897 \times 10^{- 3}M$ And, since 'x' has a very small value (compared to the initial concentration): $[CH_3COOH] \approx 0.2M$

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