Chapter 35 - Plant Nutrition - 35.5 - Carnivorous and Parasitic Plants Obtain Nutrients in Unique Ways - 35.5 Recap - Learning Outcomes - Page 762: 3

Plant–parasite, plant–fungus, and plant–bacteria associations all require the exchange of signals between the symbionts. The plant–fungus and plant–bacteria relationships involve sending signals to coordinate the mutualistic exchange of nutrients, but the plant–parasite interactions are formed at the expense of the plant.

Plant–parasite, plant–fungus, and plant–bacteria associations all require the exchange of signals between the symbionts. The plant–fungus and plant–bacteria relationships involve sending signals to coordinate the mutualistic exchange of nutrients, but the plant–parasite interactions are formed at the expense of the plant.