- 1969/70 Shelley Memorial Award from the Poetry Society of America.[6]
- 1980 Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship[6]
- 1984 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for American Primitive[8]
- 1991 L.L. Winship/PEN New England Award for House of Light[22]
- 1992 National Book Award for Poetry for New and Selected Poems[9]
- 1998 Lannan Literary Award for poetry[6]
- 1998 Honorary Doctorate from The Art Institute of Boston[6]
- 2003 Honorary membership into Phi Beta Kappa from Harvard University.[23]
- 2007 Honorary Doctorate Dartmouth College[6]
- 2008 Honorary Doctorate Tufts University[6]
- 2012 Honorary Doctorate from Marquette University[24]
- 2012 Goodreads Choice Award for Best Poetry for A Thousand Mornings[25]
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