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What is an antibody and how does this test confirm the presence or absence of a virus?

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An antibody is the light traps were used to collect flying insects; carbon dioxide tanks were implemented to collect ticks.

Antibodies are immunoglobulins produced by animals after vaccination.

The process of immunization is complex.

To put it simply,

The MHC molecules are epitope-specific and can be recognized by the immune system as markers. If there is no specific MHC in vitro, the immune system will present the antigen to specific lymphocyte, which will produce a large number of antibodies. The antibody can bind with the molecular fragments on the surface of antigen to form antigen and antibody complex, which can be recognized by T-cells and macrophages.

More info please refer https://www.creative-biolabs.com/preciab/epitope-specific-antibody-design.htm

Source(s)

https://www.creative-biolabs.com/preciab/epitope-specific-antibody-design.htm