how does fitzgerald achieve a melancholic mood in the beginning of this chapter?

By using auditory imagery, Fitzgerald achieves a melancholy mood for the beginning of chapter eight. The "groaning foghorns" that are the auditory image of the visual green light are a forlorn sound that adds to the melancholy atmosphere. The various phones that ring throughout the chapter-Nick's Tom's and Gatsby's seem to escalate the tension. The ringing of a telephone is not a soothing sound. The description of the song that was playing during the flashback of Gatsby and Daisy's first meeting includes a saxophone that wails further adding to the melancholy mood.