University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321973615
ISBN 13: 978-0-32197-361-0

Chapter 23 - Electric Potential - Problems - Exercises - Page 779: 23.37

Answer

(a) $E= 8000 \mathrm{V} / \mathrm{m} $ (b) $F = 19.2 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{N}$ (c) The work done and the potential energy have the same magnitude.

Work Step by Step

(a) The electric field $E$ is related to the separated distance $d$ and the potential difference $V$ between the two plates \begin{aligned} E &=\frac{V}{d} \\ &=\frac{360 \mathrm{V}}{0.045 \mathrm{m}} \\ &= \boxed{8000 \mathrm{V} / \mathrm{m} } \end{aligned} (b) The force $F$ exerted on the charge by \begin{aligned} F &=q E \\ &=\left(2.40 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{C}\right)\left(8 \times 10^{3} \mathrm{V} / \mathrm{m}\right) \\ &= \boxed{19.2 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{N}} \end{aligned} (c) The force exerted causes the charge to move a distance equal to $d$ and is given by \begin{aligned} W&=F d\\ &=\left(19.2 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{N}\right)(0.045 \mathrm{m}) \\ &=\boxed{8.64 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{J}} \end{aligned} (d) The change in the potential energy $\Delta U $ is given by \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} \Delta U &=-q \Delta V \\ &=-360 \mathrm{V}\left(2.40 \times 10^{-9} \mathrm{C}\right) \\ &=-8.64 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{J} \end{aligned} \end{equation} The work done and the potential energy have the same magnitude. $W = |U| = 8.64 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{J}$
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