University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321973615
ISBN 13: 978-0-32197-361-0

Chapter 22 - Gauss's Law - Problems - Exercises - Page 746: 22.12

Answer

(a) $E = 2.4 \times 10^{21} \mathrm{N} / \mathrm{C}$ (b) $E = 1.3 \times 10^{13} \mathrm{N} / \mathrm{C}$ (c) $E = 0$

Work Step by Step

(a) The electric field inside the nucleus due to 92 protons is given by \begin{align} E&=\frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{o} } \frac{|q|}{r^{2}}=\\ & = \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{o} } \frac{92 e}{r^{2}} \\ & \left(8.99 \times 10^{9} \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2} / \mathrm{C}^{2}\right) \frac{92\left(1.60 \times 10^{-19} \mathrm{C}\right)}{\left(7.4 \times 10^{-15} \mathrm{m}\right)^{2}}\\ & =\boxed{2.4 \times 10^{21} \mathrm{N} / \mathrm{C}} \end{align} (b) When the $r = 1 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{m}$, the electric field is calcauted by \begin{align} E&=\frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{o} } \frac{|q|}{r^{2}}=\\ & = \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_{o} } \frac{92 e}{r^{2}} \\ & \left(8.99 \times 10^{9} \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2} / \mathrm{C}^{2}\right) \frac{92\left(1.60 \times 10^{-19} \mathrm{C}\right)}{\left(1 \times 10^{-10} \mathrm{m}\right)^{2}}\\ & =\boxed{1.3 \times 10^{13} \mathrm{N} / \mathrm{C}} \end{align} (c) The electrons cancel the positive charges of the protons. Hence, the electric field, in this case, equals zero.
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