University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321973615
ISBN 13: 978-0-32197-361-0

Chapter 19 - The First Law of Thermodynamics - Problems - Discussion Questions - Page 638: Q19.7

Answer

See explanation.

Work Step by Step

Heat entered the balloon, and work was done by the air inside the balloon. The first effect raises the balloon’s internal energy and the second lowers it. During the expansion, the internal energy increased, because the air ended up hotter, so the heat added is greater than the work done. $\Delta U=Q-W$, and with $\Delta U \gt 0$, $Q\gt W$. After the balloon has returned to room temperature, the internal energy change is zero, because the system is at its initial state. The net heat equals the net work. $\Delta U=Q-W$, and with $\Delta U=0$, $Q=W$.
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