Answer
See answers.
Work Step by Step
Calculate the energy by finding the difference in the masses.
a. Taking away a proton makes an isotope of carbon. Include the proton as a hydrogen atom, to balance the number of electrons. See Appendix B.
$$E=\left( m(^{14}_{6}C)+m(^{1}_{1}H)-m(^{15}_{7}N)\right)c^2$$
$$ =\left( (14.003242u)+(1.007825u)-(15.000109u)\right)c^2\left( \frac{931.49MeV/c^2}{u}\right)$$
$$ =10.21MeV$$
b. Taking away a neutron makes an isotope of nitrogen. See Appendix B.
$$E=\left( m(^{14}_{7}C)+m(^{1}_{0}n)-m(^{15}_{7}N)\right)c^2$$
$$ =\left( (14.003074u)+(1.008665u)-(15.000109u)\right)c^2\left( \frac{931.49MeV/c^2}{u}\right)$$
$$ =10.83MeV$$
The nucleons are held in the nucleus by the strong force. It is easier (takes less energy) to remove a proton because the other protons repel it.