Physics: Principles with Applications (7th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32162-592-7
ISBN 13: 978-0-32162-592-2

Chapter 23 - Light: Geometric Optics - Problems - Page 674: 31

Answer

$38.6^{\circ}$

Work Step by Step

Find the angle of incidence in the air (relative to the normal) using Snell’s law. Here “1” designates air, and “2” designates water. $$n_1sin\theta_1= n_2sin\theta_2$$ $$\theta_1=sin^{-1}(\frac{n_2}{n_1}sin\theta_2) $$ $$=sin^{-1}(\frac{1.33}{1.00}sin36.0^{\circ}) =51.4^{\circ}$$ This is the angle relative to the vertical. The angle of the sun’s rays as measured from the horizontal (i.e., the angle above the horizon) is the complement of that angle, $38.6^{\circ}$.
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