Answer
See answers.
Work Step by Step
a. The leaves come back together. When the charge is by induction, no net charge is added to the leaves. When the charging object is removed from the vicinity, the electroscope returns to its equilibrium position.
b. The leaves stay separated. When the charge is by conduction, a net charge is placed onto the electroscope, causing the leaves to separate. Even after the charging object is removed, the net charge is still there, and the leaves stay separated.
c. Yes. The electroscope has a net negative charge. It was charged by conduction.
d. See diagram.
In Figure 16–11a, the electroscope has no net charge. Electric field lines (in red) emerge from the positive bottom and terminate on the negative top end.
In Figure 16–11b, the electroscope has a net positive charge. Electric field lines (in red) emerge from the electroscope and terminate at infinity.