Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 9 - Impulse and Momentum - Exercises and Problems - Page 244: 73

Answer

$1.23\times 10^3\;\rm m/s$

Work Step by Step

The momentum is conserved through the explosion, so $$p_{ix}=p_{fx}$$ $$(m_1+m_2)v_{ix}=m_1v_{fx,1}+m_2v_{fx,2}$$ We know that the two stages will separate after the explosion, and we also know that the first stage is 3 times the mass of the first stage. So, $m_1=3m_2$ and hence, $m_1=3m$ and $m_2=m$. See the figure below. $$(3m+m)v_{ix}=3m v_{fx,1}+mv_{fx,2}$$ $$4\color{red}{\bf\not} mv_{ix}=3\color{red}{\bf\not} m v_{fx,1}+\color{red}{\bf\not} mv_{fx,2}$$ $$4 v_{ix}=3 v_{fx,1}+ v_{fx,2}\tag 1$$ We are given the final velocity of the first stage backward relative to the first stage. Thus, its velocity relative to the ground is given by $$v_{fx,1}=v_{fx,2}-35$$ Plugging into (1); $$4 v_{ix}=3 (v_{fx,2}-35)+ v_{fx,2} $$ $$4 v_{ix}=3 v_{fx,2}-105+ v_{fx,2} $$ $$4 v_{ix}=4v_{fx,2}-105 $$ Solving for $v_{fx,2}$; $$ v_{fx,2}=\dfrac{4 v_{ix}+105}{35} =\dfrac{(4 \times 1200)+105}{4} $$ $$ v_{fx,2}=\color{red}{\bf 1.23\times 10^3}\;\rm m/s $$
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