Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 8 - Dynamics II: Motion in a Plane - Exercises and Problems - Page 214: 60

Answer

$179\;\rm N$

Work Step by Step

First, we need to draw the force diagram of the cart, as we see below. Now we need to apply Newton's second law in the $x$-direction which is the radial direction here. $$\sum F_x=T\cos\theta -F_n\cos(90^\circ-\theta)=ma_r=m\dfrac{v^2}{R}$$ Thus, $$ T\cos\theta -F_n\sin \theta =m\dfrac{v^2}{R}$$ where $v=\omega R$; plugging that we got; $$ T\cos\theta -F_n\sin \theta =m\omega^2 R\tag 1$$ From the right triangle in the figure below, we can see that $$\cos\theta=\dfrac{R}{L}$$ where $L$ is the length of the wire. So, $R=L\cos\theta$ Plugging into (1); $$ T\cos\theta -F_n\sin \theta =m\omega^2 L\cos\theta\tag 2 $$ Now we need to find the normal force, $$\sum F_y=T\sin\theta+F_n\sin(90^\circ-\theta)- mg=ma_y=m(0)=0 $$ Thus, $$T\sin\theta+F_n\cos \theta = mg$$ $$ F_n=\dfrac{ mg-T\sin\theta}{\cos \theta }$$ Plugging into (2); $$ T\cos\theta -\dfrac{ mg-T\sin\theta}{\cos \theta } \sin \theta =m\omega^2 L\cos\theta $$ $$ T\cos\theta - mg\tan\theta +T\sin\theta\tan\theta =m\omega^2 L\cos\theta $$ $$ T(\cos\theta + \sin\theta\tan\theta ) =m\omega^2 L\cos\theta+mg\tan\theta $$ $$ T =\dfrac{m[\omega^2 L\cos\theta+ g\tan\theta] }{\cos\theta + \sin\theta\tan\theta} \tag3$$ Now we need to plug the given but we first need to conert the angular speed from rpm to rad per second. $$\omega=\rm\dfrac{14\;\rm rev}{1\;min}\times \dfrac{1\;min}{60\;s}\times \dfrac{2\pi\;rad}{1\;rev}=\dfrac{7\pi}{15}$$ Plugging it and the known into (3); $$ T =\dfrac{25\left[\left(\dfrac{7\pi}{15}\right)^2 (2)\cos20^\circ+ 9.8\tan20^\circ \right]}{\cos20^\circ + \sin20^\circ\tan20^\circ} $$ $$T\approx \color{red}{\bf 179}\;\rm N$$
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