Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 4 - Kinematics in Two Dimensions - Exercises and Problems - Page 115: 80

Answer

$297.6\;\rm m$

Work Step by Step

To find $d$, in the figure below, which is the distance down the slope at which the arrow hits the ground, we need to find point $B=(x_1,y_1)$. We chose point $A=(x_0,y_0)=(0,0)$ to be the origin and hence, $$b=\sqrt{x_1^2+y_1^2}\tag 1$$ We know that the $v_x$ is constant while $v_y$ changes since $a_y=-g$. Thus, $$y_1=1.75+v_{0y}t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2$$ $$y_1=1.75+50\sin20^\circ t-4.9t^2\tag 2$$ $$x_1=v_{x0}t$$ $$x_1=50\cos20^\circ t\tag 3$$ From the geometry of the figure below, we can see that $$\tan(-15^\circ)=\dfrac{y_1}{x_1}$$ Plugging from (2) and (3); $$\tan(-15^\circ)=\dfrac{1.75+50\sin20^\circ t-4.9t^2}{50\cos20^\circ t}$$ Solving for $t$; $t=-0.05838$ s, or $t=6.118$ s. We have to dismiss the negative root. Now we need to plug (2) and (3) into (1) and substitute by $t=6.118$ s. $$d=\sqrt{\left[50\cos20^\circ \cdot 6.118\right]^2+\left[1.75+(50\sin20^\circ \cdot 6.118) -(4.9\cdot 6.118^2)\right]^2}$$ $$\boxed{d=\color{red}{\bf297.6}\;\rm m}$$
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