Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 35 - AC Circuits - Exercises and Problems - Page 1052: 27

Answer

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Work Step by Step

We know that the impedance of the $RLC$-circuit is given by $$Z=\sqrt{R^2+\left[X_L-X_C\right]}$$ $$Z=\sqrt{R^2+\left[2\pi f L-\dfrac{1}{2\pi f C}\right]^2}\tag 1$$ Hence, the peak current is given by $$I=\dfrac{\varepsilon_0}{Z}\tag 2$$ And the phase angle is then, $$\phi=\tan^{-1}\left[\dfrac{X_L-X_C}{R}\right]$$ $$\phi=\tan^{-1}\left[\dfrac{2\pi f L-\dfrac{1}{2\pi f C}}{R}\right]\tag 3$$ Using (1), (2), and (3) above to find the impedance, the peak current, and the phase angle, respectively, for each given frequency. $$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ At $f=3000$ Hz, (1): $$Z=\sqrt{50^2+\left[2\pi (3000) (3.3\times 10^{-3})-\dfrac{1}{2\pi (3000) (480\times 10^{-9})}\right]^2} $$ $$Z=\color{red}{\bf 69.53}\;\rm \Omega$$ (2): $$I=\dfrac{5}{69.53 }=\color{red}{\bf 71.9}\;\rm mA $$ (3): $$\phi=\tan^{-1}\left[\dfrac{2\pi (3000) (3.3\times 10^{-3})-\dfrac{1}{2\pi (3000) (480\times 10^{-9})}}{50}\right] $$ $$\phi=\color{red}{\bf -44.02}^\circ$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ At $f=4000$ Hz, (1): $$Z=\sqrt{50^2+\left[2\pi (4000) (3.3\times 10^{-3})-\dfrac{1}{2\pi (4000) (480\times 10^{-9})}\right]^2} $$ $$Z=\color{red}{\bf 50}\;\rm \Omega$$ (2): $$I=\dfrac{5}{50}=\color{red}{\bf 100}\;\rm mA $$ (3): $$\phi=\tan^{-1}\left[\dfrac{2\pi (4000) (3.3\times 10^{-3})-\dfrac{1}{2\pi (4000) (480\times 10^{-9})}}{50}\right] $$ $$\phi=\color{red}{\bf 0}^\circ$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [c]}$$ At $f=5000$ Hz, (1): $$Z=\sqrt{50^2+\left[2\pi (5000) (3.3\times 10^{-3})-\dfrac{1}{2\pi (5000) (480\times 10^{-9})}\right]^2} $$ $$Z=\color{red}{\bf 62.415}\;\rm \Omega$$ (2): $$I=\dfrac{5}{62.415}=\color{red}{\bf 80.1}\;\rm mA $$ (3): $$\phi=\tan^{-1}\left[\dfrac{2\pi (5000) (3.3\times 10^{-3})-\dfrac{1}{2\pi (5000) (480\times 10^{-9})}}{50}\right] $$ $$\phi=\color{red}{\bf 36.8}^\circ$$
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