Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 33 - Electromagnetic Induction - Exercises and Problems - Page 998: 41

Answer

a) ${\bf 0.925}\;\rm V$ b) ${\bf 0}\;\rm V$

Work Step by Step

We have here a loop and a changing flux due to the oscillation of the magnetic field, so we must have an induced current and an induced emf. We know that the induced current is given by $$I_{\rm loop}=\dfrac{\varepsilon_{\rm loop}}{R}\tag 1$$ We know that the induced emf $\varepsilon$ is given by $$\varepsilon_{\rm loop}=\left|\dfrac{d\Phi_{\rm solenoid}}{dt}\right|\tag 2$$ where $ \Phi =\vec A\cdot \vec B =AB\cos\theta=AB $ since $\theta=0^\circ$, so $$d\Phi =A dB=\pi r^2dB$$ Plug into (2), $$\varepsilon_{\rm loop}=\pi r^2_{\rm loop}\left|\dfrac{dB }{dt}\right| $$ where $B=20\times 10^{-9}\sin\omega t$ where $\omega =2\pi f$, $$\varepsilon_{\rm loop}=(20\times 10^{-9} )\pi r^2_{\rm loop} \left|\dfrac{d }{dt} \sin(2\pi f t) \right| $$ $$\varepsilon_{\rm loop}=(20\times 10^{-9} )\pi r^2_{\rm loop}(2\pi f)\left| \cos(2\pi f t) \right| $$ $$\varepsilon_{\rm loop}=(40\times 10^{-9} )\pi^2 r^2_{\rm loop} f\left| \cos(2\pi f t) \right| \tag 3$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ The maximum induced emf is at $\cos(2\pi f t)=1$, plug that into (3), $$\varepsilon_{\rm max}=(40\times 10^{-9} )\pi^2 r^2_{\rm loop} f $$ Plug the known; $$\varepsilon_{\rm max}=(40\times 10^{-9} )\pi^2 (12.5\times 10^{-2})^2 (150\times 10^6) $$ $$\varepsilon_{\rm max}=\color{red}{\bf 0.925}\;\rm V$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ The maximum induced emf is at $\cos(2\pi f t)=1$, but when the loop is turned 90$^\circ$ to be perpendicular to the oscillating electric field, then the angle between $\vec A$ and $\vec B$ is $90^\circ$ and hence, $d\Phi= AdB \cos 90^\circ=0$, and hence, there is no magnetic flux through the loop, so that there is no induced emf. $$\varepsilon_{\rm max}=\color{red}{\bf 0}\;\rm V$$
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