Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 32 - The Magnetic Field - Exercises and Problems - Page 959: 59

Answer

${\bf 1.50}\;\rm mT\tag {$30^\circ$ CCW from $+x$}$

Work Step by Step

According to the right-hand rule, the magnetic field exerted on the first proton is in the positive $y$-direction. And by the same rule, the direction of the magnetic field exerted on the second proton is in the positive $x$-direction. This means that the direction of the magnetic is between the positive $x$-direction and the positive $y$-direction. In other words, the direction of the magnetic field is in the first quadrant of the $x$-$y$ plane. Recalling that the magnetic force exerted on a moving charge is given by $$F=qvB\sin\theta$$ Hence, $F_1=ev_1B\sin\theta_1$, and $F_2=ev_2B\sin\theta_2$ and since the where $\theta_1$ and $\theta_2$ is the angle between the magnetic field and the speeds of the protons. The first proton is to the right in the $x$-$y$ plane, so the angle between $B$ and $v_1$ is $\theta$, while the angle between $B$ and $v_2$, since it is upward in the same place, is $90^\circ-\theta$, see the figure below. Now we need to find $\theta$, so $$\dfrac{F_1}{F_2}=\dfrac{ev_1B\sin\theta}{ev_2B\sin(90^\circ-\theta)}= \dfrac{ v_1 \sin\theta}{ v_2 \cos\theta}=\dfrac{ v_1 \tan\theta}{ v_2 }$$ Hence, $$\theta=\tan^{-1}\left[ \dfrac{F_1v_2}{F_2v_1}\right]$$ Plug the given; $$\theta=\tan^{-1}\left[ \dfrac{(1.20 \times 10^{-16})(2\times 10^6)}{(4.16 \times 10^{-16})(1\times 10^6)}\right]=\bf 29.89^\circ\approx 30^\circ$$ Thus, the magnitude of the magnetic field is given by $$B=\dfrac{F_1}{ev_1\sin30^\circ}=\dfrac{(1.20 \times 10^{-16})}{(1.6\times 10^{-19})(1\times 10^6)\sin30^\circ}$$ $$B=\color{red}{\bf 1.50}\;\rm mT$$
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