Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 32 - The Magnetic Field - Exercises and Problems - Page 959: 57

Answer

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Work Step by Step

As we see in the figures below, this is the cross-sectional area of the wire where the 3 dashed circles are the Ampere's paths. $\bullet$ Applying Ampere’s law for the closed path; at $r_1$ which is when $r\lt R_1$ $$\oint \vec B\cdot d\vec s=\mu_0I_{\rm through}$$ where $I_{\rm through}=0$ here. So that $$\boxed{B_1=\color{red}{\bf 0}\;\rm T}$$ $\bullet\bullet$ Applying Ampere’s law for the closed path; at $r_2$ which is when $R_1\lt r\lt R_2$ $$\oint \vec B\cdot d\vec s=\mu_0I_{\rm through}$$ Recalling that the author told us that the current is uniformly distributed across the area of the wire. So, $I_{\rm through}=\dfrac{I}{A_{total}}A_{2}$ where $A_{total}$ is the cross-sectional area of the whole wire area while $A_1$ is the cross-section area of the part of the wire inside $r_2$. $$B\oint \vec d s=\mu_0\dfrac{I}{A_{total}}A_{2}=\mu_0\dfrac{I}{\pi (R_2^2-R_1^2)} \pi(r ^2-R_1^2)$$ $$B (2\pi r) =\dfrac{\mu_0I(r ^2-R_1^2)}{ (R_2^2-R_1^2)} $$ $$\boxed{B_2 =\dfrac{\mu_0I(r ^2-R_1^2)}{ (2\pi r) (R_2^2-R_1^2)} }$$ $\bullet\bullet\bullet$ Applying Ampere’s law for the closed path; at $r_3$ which is when $ r_3\gt R_2$ $$\oint \vec B\cdot d\vec s=\mu_0I_{\rm through}$$ where $I_{\rm through}=I$ since it contains the whole area of the wire. $$B(2\pi r)=\mu_0I $$ Hence, $$\boxed{B_3=\dfrac{\mu_0I}{2\pi r}}$$
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