Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 32 - The Magnetic Field - Exercises and Problems - Page 958: 36

Answer

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Work Step by Step

First, we need to define the direction of the electric field created by each wire, so we need to use the right-hand rule, as seen in the figure below. The force exerted on wire 1 is given by $$\sum F_{\rm on1}=F_{\rm 2on1}+F_{3on1}$$ Recalling that for parallel wires and currents, parallel currents attract and opposite currents repulsive. So the force exerted on wire 1 by wire 2 is upward, while the force exerted on wire 1 by wire 3 is downward. So that, $$\sum F_{\rm on1}=F_{\rm 2on1}-F_{3on1}$$ Recalling that the force exerted by one wire on the other is given by $$F=\dfrac{\mu_0 L_1I_1I_2}{2\pi d}$$ $$\sum F_{\rm on1}=\dfrac{\mu_0 L_1I_1I_2}{2\pi d_{1\rightarrow 2}}-\dfrac{\mu_0 L_1I_1I_3}{2\pi d_{1\rightarrow 3}}$$ Plug the known; $$\sum F_{\rm on1}=\dfrac{(4\pi\times 10^{-7}) (0.5)(10)(10)}{2\pi (0.02) }-\dfrac{(4\pi\times 10^{-7}) (0.5)(10)(10)}{2\pi (0.04) }$$ $$\sum F_{\rm on1}=(\color{red}{\bf 2.5\times 10^{-4}}\;{\rm N})\;\hat j$$ By the same approach, The force exerted on wire 2 is given by $$\sum F_{\rm on2}=F_{\rm 1on2}+F_{3on2}$$ So the force exerted on wire 2 by wire 1 is downward, while the force exerted on wire 2 by wire 3 is upward. So that, $$\sum F_{\rm on2}=F_{3on2}-F_{\rm 1on2}$$ $$\sum F_{\rm on2}=\dfrac{\mu_0 L_2I_2I_3}{2\pi d_{2\rightarrow 3}}-\dfrac{\mu_0 L_2I_1I_2}{2\pi d_{1\rightarrow 2}} $$ Plug the known; $$\sum F_{\rm on2}=\dfrac{(4\pi\times 10^{-7}) (0.5)(10)(10)}{2\pi (0.02) }-\dfrac{(4\pi\times 10^{-7}) (0.5)(10)(10)}{2\pi (0.02) }$$ $$\sum F_{\rm on2}=\color{red}{\bf 0}\;{\rm N} $$ The force exerted on wire 3 by wire 1 is upward, while the force exerted on wire 3 by wire 2 is downward. So that, $$\sum F_{\rm on3}=F_{1on3}-F_{\rm 2on3}$$ $$\sum F_{\rm on3}=\dfrac{\mu_0 L_3I_1I_3}{2\pi d_{1\rightarrow 3}}-\dfrac{\mu_0 L_3I_3I_2}{2\pi d_{2\rightarrow 3}} $$ Plug the known; $$\sum F_{\rm on3}=\dfrac{(4\pi\times 10^{-7}) (0.5)(10)(10)}{2\pi (0.04) }-\dfrac{(4\pi\times 10^{-7}) (0.5)(10)(10)}{2\pi (0.02) }$$ $$\sum F_{\rm on3}=(\color{red}{\bf -2.5\times 10^{-4}}\;{\rm N})\;\hat j$$
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