Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 30 - Current and Resistance - Exercises and Problems - Page 888: 42

Answer

$ 22.6\;\rm mA$

Work Step by Step

We know that the current is given by $$I=\dfrac{Q}{t}=\dfrac{Nq}{t}$$ where $N$ is the number of ions and $q=e$ is the charge of one gold ion. $$I =\dfrac{Ne}{t}\tag 1$$ Now we need to find the amount of atoms (ions) in 0.5 g gold. $$N=\dfrac{m}{M}N_{\rm A}$$ where $m$ is the mass of the gold piece while $M$ is the atomic number, and $N_{\rm A}$ is Avogadro's number. Plug into (1), $$I =\dfrac{ e}{t}\dfrac{m}{M}N_{\rm A}$$ Plug the known; $$I =\dfrac{ (1.6\times 10^{-19})}{(3\times 60\times 60)}\dfrac{(0.5)}{197}(6.022\times 10^{23})$$ The author asked for the current in mA. $$I=\color{red}{\bf 22.6}\;\rm mA$$
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