Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 30 - Current and Resistance - Exercises and Problems - Page 887: 20

Answer

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Work Step by Step

$$\color{blue}{\bf [a]}$$ Since the wire is attached to the two ends of the battery directly, it has the same potential difference of the battery. $$\Delta V_{\rm wire}=\Delta V_{\rm Battery}$$ We know that the electric field is given by $$E=\dfrac{\Delta V}{L}$$ So, the electric field inside the wire is given by $$E=\dfrac{\Delta V_{\rm wire}}{L_{\rm wire}}=\dfrac{1.5}{0.15}$$ $$E=\color{red}{\bf 10}\;\rm V/m$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [b]}$$ We know that the current density is given by $$J=\sigma E $$ So, $$J_{\rm wire}=\sigma_{\rm nichrome} E=(6.7\times 10^5)(10) $$ $$J_{\rm wire}=\color{red}{\bf 6.7 }\;\rm MA/m^2$$ $$\color{blue}{\bf [c]}$$ We know that the current density is given by $$J=\sigma E=\dfrac{I}{A}$$ So, $$A=\dfrac{I}{\sigma E}$$ where $A=\pi r^2=\pi (D/2)^2$ where $D$ is the diameter. Hence, $$D^2=\dfrac{4I}{\pi \sigma E}$$ $$D =\sqrt{\dfrac{4I}{\pi \sigma E}}$$ Plug the known; $$D =\sqrt{\dfrac{4(2)}{(6.7\times 10^5)(10) }}$$ $$D=\color{red}{\bf 1.09}\;\rm mm$$
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