Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 26 - The Electric Field - Exercises and Problems - Page 777: 38

Answer

See the detailed answer below.

Work Step by Step

First, we need to sketch this problem as we can see below. We know that the electric field exerted by an infinite line charge at a distance $r$ from it is given by $$E_{line}=\dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\;\dfrac{2|\lambda|}{r}$$ Now we need to draw the electric field direction as seen below, where $E_x$ is the electric field from the horizontal line and $E_y$ from the vertical line. Thus, the net electric filed at point $(x,y)$ is given by $$E_{net}=E_y\;\hat i+E_x\;\hat j $$ $$E_{net}=\dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\;\dfrac{2|\lambda|}{x}\;\hat i+\dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\;\dfrac{2|\lambda|}{y}\;\hat j $$ $$\boxed{E_{net}=\dfrac{2\lambda}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\;\left[\dfrac{1}{x}\;\hat i+ \dfrac{1}{y}\;\hat j\right] }$$ Hence, the electric field strength is given by $$E=\sqrt{E_x^2+E_y^2}$$ where $E_x=\dfrac{2\lambda}{4\pi \epsilon_0 x}$, and $E_x=\dfrac{2\lambda}{4\pi \epsilon_0 y}$. $$\boxed{E=\dfrac{2\lambda}{4\pi \epsilon_0 }\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}}$$
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