Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 21 - Superposition - Exercises and Problems - Page 625: 77

Answer

$2\;\rm kg$

Work Step by Step

In the first case, we know that the weight of the hanging mass is equal to the tension in the wire. So, $$T_s=Mg\tag 1$$ And in the second case, $$T_s'=(M+m)g\tag 2$$ Recall that the second-harmonic frequency, in the closed-closed tube which is similar to the two-fixed-ends wire here, is given by $$f_m=\dfrac{mv}{2L}$$ where $v=\sqrt{T_s/\mu}$ In the first case, $$f_2=\dfrac{2}{2L}\sqrt{\dfrac{T_s}{\mu}}$$ Plugging from (1); $$f_2=\dfrac{1}{L}\sqrt{\dfrac{Mg}{\mu}}\tag 3$$ And in the second case, using (2) $$f_2'=\dfrac{1}{L}\sqrt{\dfrac{(M+m)g}{\mu}}\tag 4$$ Divide (4) by (3); $$\dfrac{f_2'}{f_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{L}\sqrt{\dfrac{(M+m)g}{\mu}}}{\dfrac{1}{L}\sqrt{\dfrac{Mg}{\mu}}}= \sqrt{\dfrac{M+m}{M}}$$ Squaring both sides; $$\left[\dfrac{ f_2' }{f_2 } \right]^2 =\dfrac{M+m}{M} =1+\dfrac{m}{M}$$ Hence, $$M=\dfrac{m}{\left[\dfrac{ f_2' }{f_2 } \right]^2-1}$$ Plugging the known; $$M=\dfrac{1.0}{\left[\dfrac{ 245 }{200} \right]^2-1}$$ $$M=\color{red}{\bf 2.0}\;\rm kg$$
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