Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 21 - Superposition - Exercises and Problems - Page 623: 39

Answer

$18\;\rm cm$

Work Step by Step

We know that the force exerted by the spring on the string is equal to the tension in the spring. So, $$F_{sp}=T_s$$ $$T_s=kx\tag 1$$ where $k$ is the spring constant and $x$ is the stretched distance by the spring. We can assume that the frequency in both cases [three and two antinodes] is the same since the string oscillates by the same oscillating magnetic field. Hence, $$f_2=f_3$$ $$\dfrac{2v_2}{2L}=\dfrac{3v_3}{2L}$$ Hence, $$2v_2=3v_3 $$ $$2\sqrt{\dfrac{T_{s2}}{\mu}}=3\sqrt{\dfrac{T_{s3}}{\mu}} $$ Hence, bysquaring both sides. $$4T_{s2}=9T_{s3}\tag2$$ In the first case, where we have 3 antinodes, the tension is then $$T_{s3}=kx_i=0.08k$$ and for the second case, where we have 2 antinodes, the tension is then $$T_{s2}=kx_f$$ Plug these into (2); $$4kx_f=9(0.08k)$$ Hence, $$x_f=\dfrac{9\times 0.08}{4}=0.18\;\rm m$$ $$x_f=\color{red}{\bf 18}\;\rm cm$$
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