Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach with Modern Physics (3rd Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321740904
ISBN 13: 978-0-32174-090-8

Chapter 18 - The Micro/Macro Connection - Exercises and Problems - Page 523: 14

Answer

a) $819\;\rm m/s$ b) $\approx 3660\;\rm m/s$

Work Step by Step

We know that the rms speed is given by $$v_{\rm rms}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3k_BT}{m}}$$ We will use this formula for both cases. a) For Argon atoms, the mass is given by $m=M_{Ar}(1.66\times 10^{-27})$ where $M$ is the atomic mass of the element. Plugging in the first formula above; $$(v_{\rm rms})_{Ar}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3k_BT}{M_{Ar}(1.66\times 10^{-27})}}$$ Plugging the known; $$(v_{\rm rms})_{Ar}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3(1.38\times 10^{-23})(800+273)}{(39.9)(1.66\times 10^{-27})}}$$ $$(v_{\rm rms})_{Ar}=\color{red}{\bf 819}\;\rm m/s$$ --- b) For hydrogen molecules, and by the same approach, $$(v_{\rm rms})_{H_2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3k_BT}{M_{H_2}(1.66\times 10^{-27})}}$$ Plugging the known; $$(v_{\rm rms})_{H_2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{3(1.38\times 10^{-23})(800+273)}{(2)(1.66\times 10^{-27})}}$$ $$(v_{\rm rms})_{H_2}=\color{red}{\bf 3658}\;\rm m/s$$
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