Chemistry: The Central Science (13th Edition)

Published by Prentice Hall
ISBN 10: 0321910419
ISBN 13: 978-0-32191-041-7

Chapter 8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding - Exercises - Page 334: 8.17c

Answer

The ionic compound formed would have the chemical formula $$Y_2O_3$$

Work Step by Step

The electron configuration of $Y$ is $$[Kr]4d^15s^2$$ The electron configuration of $O$ is $$1s^22s^22p^4$$ Both of these atoms would tend to lose, gain or share electrons so that it could reach an octet, that is to have 8 valence electrons, or in other words, to achieve the configuration of a noble gas. $O$ atom lacks 2 more electrons to reach an octet $(2s^22p^6)$, while $Y$ atom, if loses 3 valence electrons in subshell $4d$ and $5s$, would achieve the configuration of noble gas $Kr$, with 8 valence electrons (an octet). Therefore, $Y$ atom is willing to lose 3 valence electrons to the $O$ atom, while $O$ atom is only willing to accept 2 electrons from $Y$. That leaves 1 electron remaining. Adding another $O$ atom does not solve the problem, since $O$ atom needs 2 more electrons for the octet. However, if there are 2 $Y$ atoms involved that are willing to lose 6 electrons in total, and 3 $O$ atoms involved that are willing to accept 6 electrons in total, then every atom is satisfied. Eventually, there is 2 $Y$ atoms and 3 $O$ atoms involved in the reaction. That means the ionic compound formed would have the chemical formula $$Y_2O_3$$
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