Answer
a) 1,3-dichlorobutane
b) 1,1,1-trichlorobutane
c) 2,3-dichloro-2,4-dimethylhexane
d) 1,2-difluoroethane
Work Step by Step
tips:
1- try to find the longest carbon chain
2- choose numbers for branches that give an overall summation lower than other alternatives
3- arrange substituted groups alphabetically. for example, dichloro was written before dimethyl because C is before M in the alphabet.