Campbell Biology (10th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321775651
ISBN 13: 978-0-32177-565-8

Chapter 26 - 26.2 - Concept Check - Page 553: 1

Answer

(a) Analogy (b) Homology (c) Analogy

Work Step by Step

(a) Porcupines and cacti are not related, except for very distantly in the relation of all life forms to each other, and their spines are unique structures, which serve largely different evolutionary purposes. (b) Humans and cats have homologous skeletal structures as they are both mammals; Homologous skeletal development is seen throughout this class even when their overall structure is very different. For example, the limbs of a human and the fins of a whale have homologous underlying skeletal structures. (c) As in part (a), owls and hornets are only very distantly related, and their wing structures are fundamentally dissimilar from one another despite serving similar functional roles.
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