Answer
The VDJ is the type of gene recombination that is responsible for producing a variety of B-cell receptors. These receptors bind to numerous different epitopes present on the antigen and it leads to the production of numerous different B-cell receptors.
Work Step by Step
Antibodies consist five heavy chains.These chains are commonly found in the immunoglobulins A, D, E, G, and M. The heavy chains have a constant and a variable region. There are two light chains, namely, lambda and kappa. These two chains are composed of one constant and one variable domain. BCR, is the portion that recognizes the antigens is composed of three different genetic regions that are V (variable), D (diversity), and J (joining). All these regions recombine as well as splice at the genetic level in a combinatorial process. There are a variety of genes that encode for these regions within the genome and they can be joined in various ways in order to generate a variety of BCR molecules.
The creation of variety of BCR molecules is crucial as the body may encounter many more antigens in comparison to the available genes. This process helps the body in finding a way of producing multiple combinations of antigen-recognizing receptors in order to fight against the antigens by binding to the variety of epitopes present on the antigens.
The B-cell diversity is generated by the recombination of the V, D, and J regions. The different V and J segments are recombined in the light chain of B cells and different V, D, and J segments are arranged and combined to make the heavy chain of BCR.
The generation of different recombined segments occurs during the transcription process and RNA (ribonucleic acid) processing. This results in different protein products based on the VDJ joining. The generation of different sequence of amino acids leads to genetic diversity.
