Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function, 7th Edition

Published by McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN 10: 0073403717
ISBN 13: 978-0-07340-371-7

Chapter 17 - Section 17.4 - Hormones and Their Actions - Before You Go On - Page 658: 19

Answer

MIT (Monoiodotyrosine), DIT (Diiodotyrosine), T3 (Triiodothyronine), and T4 (Thyroxine) are all related components of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones are made up of these building blocks, and their structural relationships are as follows: 1. **MIT (Monoiodotyrosine):** MIT is a single iodine-containing tyrosine molecule. It is formed by the iodination of one tyrosine residue in the process of thyroid hormone synthesis. 2. **DIT (Diiodotyrosine):** DIT is formed by the iodination of two adjacent tyrosine residues. It is essentially two MIT molecules linked together by a covalent bond between their iodine atoms. 3. **T3 (Triiodothyronine):** T3 is a biologically active thyroid hormone that contains three iodine atoms. It is formed by combining one molecule of MIT with one molecule of DIT. Specifically, T3 is created by coupling one MIT and one DIT molecule. 4. **T4 (Thyroxine):** T4 is another thyroid hormone with four iodine atoms. It is formed by coupling two molecules of DIT together. In other words, T4 is composed of two DIT molecules linked covalently. In summary: - **MIT:** A single iodine-containing tyrosine molecule. - **DIT:** Two MIT molecules linked together by a covalent bond between their iodine atoms. - **T3:** One MIT and one DIT molecule coupled together. - **T4:** Two DIT molecules coupled together. These components represent various stages in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, and the combination of MIT, DIT, T3, and T4 results in the formation of biologically active thyroid hormones that play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body.

Work Step by Step

MIT (Monoiodotyrosine), DIT (Diiodotyrosine), T3 (Triiodothyronine), and T4 (Thyroxine) are all related components of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones are made up of these building blocks, and their structural relationships are as follows: 1. **MIT (Monoiodotyrosine):** MIT is a single iodine-containing tyrosine molecule. It is formed by the iodination of one tyrosine residue in the process of thyroid hormone synthesis. 2. **DIT (Diiodotyrosine):** DIT is formed by the iodination of two adjacent tyrosine residues. It is essentially two MIT molecules linked together by a covalent bond between their iodine atoms. 3. **T3 (Triiodothyronine):** T3 is a biologically active thyroid hormone that contains three iodine atoms. It is formed by combining one molecule of MIT with one molecule of DIT. Specifically, T3 is created by coupling one MIT and one DIT molecule. 4. **T4 (Thyroxine):** T4 is another thyroid hormone with four iodine atoms. It is formed by coupling two molecules of DIT together. In other words, T4 is composed of two DIT molecules linked covalently. In summary: - **MIT:** A single iodine-containing tyrosine molecule. - **DIT:** Two MIT molecules linked together by a covalent bond between their iodine atoms. - **T3:** One MIT and one DIT molecule coupled together. - **T4:** Two DIT molecules coupled together. These components represent various stages in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, and the combination of MIT, DIT, T3, and T4 results in the formation of biologically active thyroid hormones that play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body.
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