Trigonometry 7th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1111826854
ISBN 13: 978-1-11182-685-7

Chapter 8 - Section 8.4 - Roots of a Complex Number - 8.4 Problem Set - Page 447: 32

Answer

The four fourth roots are: \[ \begin{array}{l} \cos \left(\frac{5 \pi}{6}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{5 \pi}{6}\right) \\ \cos \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3}\right) \\ \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right) \\ \cos \left(\frac{11 \pi}{6}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{11 \pi}{6}\right) \end{array} \]

Work Step by Step

\[ \cos \frac{4 \pi}{3}+i \sin \frac{4 \pi}{3}=z \] Using the roots theorem: \[ \left[\cos \left(\frac{\theta}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{n} k\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\theta}{n}+\frac{360^{\circ}}{n} k\right)\right]r^{\frac{1}{n}}=w_{k} \] When $0=k$ : \[ \cos \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(0)\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(0)\right)=u_{0} \] Simplify: \[ =\sqrt{\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right)} \] When $1=k:$ \[ \cos \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(1)\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(1)\right)=w_{1} \] Simplify: \[ =\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{\pi}{2}\right) \] Unify the denominators and add: \[ =\cos \left(\frac{5 \pi}{6}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{5 \pi}{6}\right) \] When $2=k$ : \[ \cos \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(2)\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(2)\right)=w_{2} \] Simplify: \[ =\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\pi\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\pi\right) \] Unify the denominators and add: \[ ={\cos \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3}\right)} \] When $3=k$ : \[ \cos \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(3)\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{4 \pi}{3 \times 4}+\frac{2 \pi}{4}(3)\right)=v_{3} \] Simplify: \[ =\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{3 \pi}{2}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{3}+\frac{3 \pi}{2}\right) \] Unify the denominators and add: \[ ={\cos \left(\frac{11 \pi}{6}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{11 \pi}{6}\right)} \]
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