Answer
Causation can only be proven for an experiment. Thus in this case, we can not conclude that an association indicates causation.
Work Step by Step
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The Basic Practice of Statistics 7th Edition
by Moore, David S.; Notz, William I.; Fligner, Michael A.
Published by
W. H. Freeman
ISBN 10:
146414253X
ISBN 13:
978-1-46414-253-6
Chapter 9 - Producing Data: Experiments - Apply Your Knowledge - Page 230: 9.1c
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