Answer
$\displaystyle \frac{12}{67}$
Work Step by Step
Let events A and B be defined as
A = " an Independent is chosen"
B = " a Green is chosen"
A and B cannot occur simultaneously, so they are mutually exclusive.
If $A$ and $B$ are mutually exclusive events, then:
$P$ ($A$ or $B$) $=P(A)+P(B)$.
P($A$)=$\displaystyle \frac{n(A)}{n(S)}=\frac{8}{30+25+8+4}=\frac{8}{67}$
P($B$)=$\displaystyle \frac{n(B)}{n(S)}=\frac{4}{67}$
$P$ ($A$ or $B$) $=\displaystyle \frac{8+4}{67}=\frac{12}{67}$
