Multivariable Calculus, 7th Edition

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 0-53849-787-4
ISBN 13: 978-0-53849-787-9

Chapter 14 - Partial Derivatives - 14.5 Exercises - Page 954: 3

Answer

$$\frac{dz}{dt} = \frac {x/t -ysin \space t} { \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}} $$

Work Step by Step

According to the Chain Rule: $$\frac{dz}{dt} = \frac{\partial z}{\partial x} \frac{dx}{dt} +\frac{\partial z}{\partial y} \frac{dy}{dt} $$ $$ \frac{\partial z}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial (\sqrt{1 + x^2 + y^2})}{\partial x} = \frac{1}{2 \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}} (2x) = \frac{x}{ \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}}$$ $$\frac{dx}{dt} = \frac{d(ln \space t)}{dt} = 1/t$$ $$\frac{\partial z}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial ( \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2})}{\partial y} = \frac{1}{2 \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}}(2y) = \frac y { \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}} $$ $$ \frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{d(cos \space t)}{dt} = -sin \space t$$ Therefore: $$\frac{dz}{dt} =\Bigg( \frac x { \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}} \Bigg) (1/t)+ \Bigg( \frac y { \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}} \Bigg)(-sin \space t)$$$$\frac{dz}{dt} = \frac {x/t -ysin \space t} { \sqrt {1 + x^2 + y^2}} $$
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