Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 4 - Integrals - 4.2 The Definite Integral - 4.2 Exercises - Page 317: 21

Answer

The given integral is $$ \begin{aligned} \int_{2}^{5}(4-2 x) d x &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{n} f\left(x_{i}\right) \Delta x \\ &=-9 \end{aligned} $$

Work Step by Step

$$ \int_{2}^{5} (4-2x)d x $$ The width of the subintervals is $$ \Delta x=(5-2) / n=\frac{3}{n}, $$ and $$ x_{i}=2+i \Delta x=2+\frac{3i}{n}. $$ The given integral is $$ \begin{aligned} \int_{2}^{5}(4-2 x) d x &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{n} f\left(x_{i}\right) \Delta x \\ &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{n} f\left(2+\frac{3 i}{n}\right) \frac{3}{n} \\ &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \frac{3}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\left[4-2\left(2+\frac{3 i}{n}\right)\right] \\ &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \frac{3}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n}\left[-\frac{6 i}{n}\right] \\ &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \frac{3}{n}\left(-\frac{6}{n}\right) \sum_{i=1}^{n} i \\ &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty}\left(-\frac{18}{n^{2}}\right)\left[\frac{n(n+1)}{2}\right] \\ &=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty}\left(-\frac{18}{2}\right)\left(\frac{n+1}{n}\right) \\ &=-9 \lim _{n \rightarrow \infty}\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)\\ &=-9(1)\\ &=-9 \end{aligned} $$
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