Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 2 - Derivatives - 2.7 Rates of Change in the Natural and Social Sciences - 2.7 Exercises - Page 178: 9

Answer

$$ h(t)=15 t-1.86 t^{2} $$ (a) the velocity of the rock after $2 s$ can be found as follows: $$ \quad v(t)=h^{\prime}(t)=15-3.72 t . $$ The velocity after $ 2 s$ is $$ v(2)=15-3.72(2)=7.56 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s} $$ (b) The velocity of the rock when its height is $25 m$ $$ h(t)=15 t-1.86 t^{2}=25 \\ \Leftrightarrow 1.86 t^{2}-15 t+25=0\\ \Leftrightarrow t=\frac{15 \pm \sqrt{15^{2}-4(1.86)(25)}}{2(1.86)} \\ \Leftrightarrow t=t_{1} \approx 2.35 \text { or } t=t_{2} \approx 5.71 $$ The velocities are: $$v\left(t_{1}\right)=15-3.72 t_{1}=15-3.72 (2.35)\approx 6.24 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s} [\text { upward }] $$ and $$ v\left(t_{2}\right)=15-3.72 t_{2}=15-3.72 (5.71) \approx-6.24 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}[\text { downward }]$$

Work Step by Step

$$ h(t)=15 t-1.86 t^{2} $$ (a) the velocity of the rock after $2 s$ can be found as follows: $$ \quad v(t)=h^{\prime}(t)=15-3.72 t . $$ The velocity after $ 2 s$ is $$ v(2)=15-3.72(2)=7.56 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s} $$ (b) The velocity of the rock when its height is $25 m$ $$ h(t)=15 t-1.86 t^{2}=25 \\ \Leftrightarrow 1.86 t^{2}-15 t+25=0\\ \Leftrightarrow t=\frac{15 \pm \sqrt{15^{2}-4(1.86)(25)}}{2(1.86)} \\ \Leftrightarrow t=t_{1} \approx 2.35 \text { or } t=t_{2} \approx 5.71 $$ The velocities are: $$v\left(t_{1}\right)=15-3.72 t_{1}=15-3.72 (2.35)\approx 6.24 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s} [\text { upward }] $$ and $$ v\left(t_{2}\right)=15-3.72 t_{2}=15-3.72 (5.71) \approx-6.24 \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}[\text { downward }]$$
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