Calculus 8th Edition

Published by Cengage
ISBN 10: 1285740629
ISBN 13: 978-1-28574-062-1

Chapter 2 - Derivatives - 2.2 The Derivative as a Function - 2.2 Exercises - Page 129: 55

Answer

(a) $f'(a)$ = $\frac{1}{3a^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ (b) This function increases without bound, so the limit does not exist, and therefore f'(0) does not exist. (c) f is continuous at x = 0 (root function), so f has a vertical tangent at x = 0

Work Step by Step

(a) Note that we have factored x - a as the difference of two bubes in the third step $f'(a)$ = $\lim\limits_{x \to a}(\frac{f(x)-f(a)}{x-a})$ = $\lim\limits_{x \to a}(\frac{x^{\frac{1}{3}}-a^{\frac{1}{3}}}{x-a})$ = $\lim\limits_{x \to a}[\frac{x^{\frac{1}{3}}-a^{\frac{1}{3}}}{(x^{\frac{1}{3}}-a^{\frac{1}{3}})(x^{\frac{2}{3}}+x^{\frac{1}{3}}a^{\frac{1}{3}}+a^{\frac{2}{3}})}]$ = $\lim\limits_{x \to a}[\frac{1}{(x^{\frac{2}{3}}+x^{\frac{1}{3}}a^{\frac{1}{3}}+a^{\frac{2}{3}})}]$ = $\frac{1}{3a^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ (b) $f'(0)$ = $\lim\limits_{h \to 0}(\frac{f(0+h)-f(0)}{h})$ = $\lim\limits_{h \to 0}(\frac{h^{\frac{1}{3}}-0}{h})$ = $\lim\limits_{h \to 0}(\frac{1}{h^{\frac{2}{3}}})$ This function increases without bound, so the limit does not exist, and therefore f'(0) does not exist. (c) $\lim\limits_{x \to 0}|f'(x)|$ = $\lim\limits_{x \to 0}(\frac{1}{3x^{\frac{2}{3}}})$ = $\infty$ and f is continuous at x = 0 (root function), so f has a vertical tangent at x = 0.
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