Elementary Linear Algebra 7th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1-13311-087-8
ISBN 13: 978-1-13311-087-3

Chapter 1 - Systems of Linear Equations - 1.2 Gaussian Elimination and Gauss-Jordan Elimination - 1.2 Exercises - Page 23: 38

Answer

$$x=1, \quad y=0, \quad z= 4, \quad w=-2.$$

Work Step by Step

The augmented matrix is given by $$\left[ \begin {array}{ccccc} 2&1&-1&2&-6\\ 3&4&0&1& 1\\ 1&5&2&6&-3\\ 5&2&-1&-1&3 \end {array} \right] . $$ Adding $-3$ times the first row to $2$ times the second row, adding the first row to $-2$ times the third row, adding $-5$ times the first row to $2$ times the fourth row, we get $$ \left[ \begin {array}{ccccc} 2&1&-1&2&-6\\ 0&5 &3&-4&20\\ 0&-9&-5 &-10&0 \\ 0&-1&3&-12&36\end {array} \right] . $$ Adding $9$ times the second row to $5$ times the third row, adding the second row to $5$ times the fourth row, $$ \left[ \begin {array}{ccccc} 2&1&-1&2&-6\\ 0&5 &3&-4&20\\ 0&0&2 &-86&180 \\ 0&0&18&-64&200\end {array} \right] . $$ Adding $-9$ times the third row to the fourth row, we have $$ \left[ \begin {array}{ccccc} 2&1&-1&2&-6\\ 0&5 &3&-4&20\\ 0&0&2 &-86&180 \\ 0&0&0&71&-142\end {array} \right] . $$ Now, the crossposting system is given by $$ \begin{align*} 3x+3y+12z&=6 \\ 3y+12z&=6. \end{align*} $$ The above system has the solution $$x=1, \quad y=0, \quad z= 4, \quad w=-2.$$
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