Answer
$$2x^2+6$$
Work Step by Step
We subtract polynomials by distributing the negative and then combining like terms. Like terms must (1) be raised to the same power and (2) consist of the same variable (i.e. x and y are not like terms). It is also important to note that numbers are all like terms with each other when not multiplied by anything. Thus, combining like terms, we obtain:
$$x^3+3x^2+1-\left(x^3+x^2-5\right) \\ x^3+3x^2+1-\left(x^3+x^2-5\right)\\ 2x^2+6$$