College Algebra (6th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32178-228-3
ISBN 13: 978-0-32178-228-1

Chapter 4 - Exponential and Logarithmic Functions - Exercise Set 4.3 - Page 477: 60

Answer

$ln(\frac{(x+9)^{8}}{x^{4}})$

Work Step by Step

According to the power rule of logarithms, we know that $log_{b}M^{p}=plog_{b}M$ (when $b$ and $M$ are positive real numbers, $b\ne1$, and $p$ is any real number). Therefore, $8ln(x+9)-4ln(x)=ln(x+9)^{8}-ln(x^{4})$. Based on the quotient rule of logarithms, we know that $log_{b}(\frac{M}{N})=log_{b}M-log_{b}N$ (where $b$, $M$, and $N$ are positive real numbers and $b\ne1$). Therefore, $ ln(x+9)^{8}-ln(x^{4})=ln(\frac{(x+9)^{8}}{x^{4}})$. In this case, the given logarithm is a natural logarithm with an understood base of $e$.
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