Answer
a) f(n)=n − 1 --- Yes
b) f(n)=n^2 + 1 --- No,as (-n)^2 == n^2
c) f(n) = n^3 --- Yes
d) f(n) = ⌈n/2⌉ --- No
Work Step by Step
a) f(n)=n − 1 --- Yes
b) f(n)=n^2 + 1 --- No,as (-n)^2 == n^2
c) f(n) = n^3 --- Yes
d) f(n) = ⌈n/2⌉ --- No